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3 years ago

the solubility product of lead fluoride is 3.6 x 10–8. what is its solubility in 0.10M NaF solution, in grams per liter

Physics

1 answer:

BartSMP [9]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

8.8 × 10⁻³ g/L

Explanation:

NaF is a strong electrolyte that ionizes according to the following reaction.

NaF(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + F⁻(aq)

Then, the concentration of F⁻ will also be 0.10 M.

In order to find the solubility of PbF₂ (S), we will use an ICE Chart.

PbF₂(s) ⇄ Pb²⁺(aq) + 2 F⁻(aq)

I 0 0.10

C +S +2S

E S 0.10 + 2S

The solubility product (Kps) is:

Kps = 3.6 × 10⁻⁸ = [Pb²⁺].[F⁻]² = S . (0.10 + 2S)²

In the term 0.10 + 2S, 2S is negligible in comparison with 0.10 and we can omit it to simplify calculations.

Kps = 3.6 × 10⁻⁸ = S . (0.10)²

S = 3.6 × 10⁻⁵ M

The molar mass of PbF₂ is 245.20 g/mol. The solubility of PbF₂ in g/L is:

3.6 × 10⁻⁵ mol/L × 245.20 g/mol = 8.8 × 10⁻³ g/L

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An object is thrown straight up with an initial velocity of 10 m/s, and there is an air resistance force causing an acceleration

lana [24]

Answer:

Vf= 7.29 m/s

Explanation:

Two force act on the object:

1) Gravity

2) Air resistance

Upward motion:

Initial velocity = Vi= 10 m/s

Final velocity = Vf= 0 m/s

Gravity acting downward = g = -9.8 m/s²

Air resistance acting downward = a₁ = - 3 m/s²

Net acceleration = a = -(g + a₁ ) = - ( 9.8 + 3 ) = - 12.8 m/s²

( Acceleration is consider negative if it is in opposite direction of velocity )

Now

2as = Vf² - Vi²

⇒ 2 * (-12.8) *s = 0 - 10²

⇒-25.6 *s = -100

⇒ s = 100/ 25.6

⇒ s = 3.9 m

Downward motion:

Vi= 0 m/s

s = 3.9 m

Gravity acting downward = g = 9.8 m/s²

Air resistance acting upward = a₁ = - 3 m/s²

Net acceleration = a = g - a₁ = 9.8 - 3 = 6.8 m/s²

Now

2as = Vf² - Vi²

⇒ 2 * 6.8 * 3.9 = Vf² - 0

⇒ Vf² = 53. 125

⇒ Vf= 7.29 m/s

8 0

3 years ago

You launch a cannonball at an angle of 35° and an initial velocity of 36 m/s (assume y = y₁=

velikii [3]

Answer:

Approximately $4.2\; {\rm s}$ (assuming that the projectile was launched at angle of $35^{\circ}$ above the horizon.)

Explanation:

Initial vertical component of velocity:

$\begin{aligned}v_{y} &= v\, \sin(35^{\circ}) \\ &= (36\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}})\, (\sin(35^{\circ})) \\ &\approx 20.6\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\end{aligned}$ .

The question assumed that there is no drag on this projectile. Additionally, the altitude of this projectile just before landing $y_{1}$ is the same as the altitude $y_{0}$ at which this projectile was launched: $y_{0} = y_{1}$ .

Hence, the initial vertical velocity of this projectile would be the exact opposite of the vertical velocity of this projectile right before landing. Since the initial vertical velocity is $20.6\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}$ (upwards,) the vertical velocity right before landing would be $(-20.6\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}})$ (downwards.) The change in vertical velocity is:

$\begin{aligned}\Delta v_{y} &= (-20.6\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}) - (20.6\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}) \\ &= -41.2\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\end{aligned}$ .

Since there is no drag on this projectile, the vertical acceleration of this projectile would be $g$ . In other words, $a = g = -9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}$ .

Hence, the time it takes to achieve a (vertical) velocity change of $\Delta v_{y}$ would be:

$\begin{aligned} t &= \frac{\Delta v_{y}}{a_{y}} \\ &= \frac{-41.2\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}}{-9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}} \\ &\approx 4.2\; {\rm s} \end{aligned}$ .

Hence, this projectile would be in the air for approximately $4.2\; {\rm s}$ .

8 0

1 year ago

Read 2 more answers

An object is moving along a straight line, and the uncertainty in its position is 1.90 m.

just olya [345]

Answer:

$2.78\times 10^{-35}\ \text{kg m/s}$

$6.178\times 10^{-34}\ \text{m/s}$

$0.31\times 10^{-4}\ \text{m/s}$

Explanation:

$\Delta x$ = Uncertainty in position = 1.9 m

$\Delta p$ = Uncertainty in momentum

h = Planck's constant = $6.626\times 10^{-34}\ \text{Js}$

m = Mass of object

From Heisenberg's uncertainty principle we know

$\Delta x\Delta p\geq \dfrac{h}{4\pi}\\\Rightarrow \Delta p\geq \dfrac{h}{4\pi\Delta x}\\\Rightarrow \Delta p\geq \dfrac{6.626\times 10^{-34}}{4\pi\times 1.9}\\\Rightarrow \Delta p\geq 2.78\times 10^{-35}\ \text{kg m/s}$

The minimum uncertainty in the momentum of the object is $2.78\times 10^{-35}\ \text{kg m/s}$

Golf ball minimum uncertainty in the momentum of the object

$m=0.045\ \text{kg}$

Uncertainty in velocity is given by

$\Delta p\geq m\Delta v\geq 2.78\times 10^{-35}\\\Rightarrow \Delta v\geq \dfrac{2.78\times 10^{-35}}{m}\\\Rightarrow \Delta v\geq \dfrac{2.78\times 10^{-35}}{0.045}\\\Rightarrow \Delta v\geq 6.178\times 10^{-34}\ \text{m/s}$

The minimum uncertainty in the object's velocity is $6.178\times 10^{-34}\ \text{m/s}$

Electron

$m=9.11\times 10^{-31}\ \text{kg}$

$\Delta v\geq \dfrac{\Delta p}{m}\\\Rightarrow \Delta v\geq \dfrac{2.78\times 10^{-35}}{9.11\times 10^{-31}}\\\Rightarrow \Delta v\geq 0.31\times 10^{-4}\ \text{m/s}$

The minimum uncertainty in the object's velocity is $0.31\times 10^{-4}\ \text{m/s}$ .

6 0

2 years ago

how much force is needed to cause a 15 kilogram bike to accelerate at a rate of 10 meters per second?

egoroff_w [7]

F = m*a, mass times acceleration.

F = 15*10 = 150 N

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

The energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom can be calculated from the Bohr formula: In this equation stands for the Rydberg e

labwork [276]

Answer:

Wavelength, $\lambda=657\ nm$

Explanation:

The energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom can be calculated from the Bohr formula as :

$E=\dfrac{-R}{n^2}$ .............(1)

Where

R is the Rydberg constant

n is the number of orbit

We need to find the wavelength of the line in the absorption line spectrum of hydrogen caused by the transition of the electron from an orbital with to an orbital with n₁ = 2 to an orbital with n₂ = 3.

Equation (1) can be re framed as :

$\dfrac{1}{\lambda}=R(\dfrac{1}{n_1^2}-\dfrac{1}{n_2^2})$

$\dfrac{1}{\lambda}=1.096\times 10^7\times (\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2})$

$\lambda=6.569\times 10^{-7}\ m$

$\lambda=657\ nm$

So, the the wavelength of the line in the absorption line spectrum is 657 nm. Hence, this is the required solution.

3 0

3 years ago