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Answer:
938.7 milliseconds
Explanation:
Since the transmission rate is in bits, we will need to convert the packet size to Bits.
1 bytes = 8 bits
1 MiB = 2^20 bytes = 8 × 2^20 bits
5 MiB = 5 × 8 × 2^20 bits.
The formula for queueing delay of <em>n-th</em> packet is : (n - 1) × L/R
where L : packet size = 5 × 8 × 2^20 bits, n: packet number = 48 and R : transmission rate = 2.1 Gbps = 2.1 × 10^9 bits per second.
Therefore queueing delay for 48th packet = ( (48-1) ×5 × 8 × 2^20)/2.1 × 10^9
queueing delay for 48th packet = (47 ×40× 2^20)/2.1 × 10^9
queueing delay for 48th packet = 0.938725181 seconds
queueing delay for 48th packet = 938.725181 milliseconds = 938.7 milliseconds
The back-work ratio much higher in the Brayton cycle than in the Rankine cycle because a gas cycle is the Brayton cycle, while a steam cycle is the Rankine cycle. Particularly, the creation of water droplets will be a constraint on the steam turbine's efficiency. Since gas has a bigger specific volume than steam, the compressor will have to work harder while using gas.
<h3>What are modern Brayton engines?</h3>
Even originally Brayton exclusively produced piston engines, modern Brayton engines are virtually invariably of the turbine variety. Brayton engines are also gas turbines.
<h3>What is the ranking cycle?</h3>
A gas cycle is the Brayton cycle, while the Ranking cycle is a steam cycle. The production of water droplets will especially decrease the steam turbine's performance. Gas-powered compressors will have to do more work since gas's specific volume is greater than steam's.
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