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Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.
Discussion:
1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.
2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.
3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.
4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.
Learn more about carbonyl here:
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Answer:
D or A
<em>But I do know...</em>
It's because new strains of the virus are constantly appearing and evolving, so the vaccine must change along with them.
Noble gas. Noble gas, any of the seven chemical elements<span> that make up Group 18 (VIIIa) of the </span>periodic table<span>. The </span>elements<span> are </span>helium<span> (</span>He<span>), </span>neon<span> (</span>Ne<span>), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), </span>xenon<span> (</span>Xe<span>), radon (Rn), and oganesson (Og)</span>
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