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Dmitriy789 [7]
3 years ago
10

How are the planes' contrail lines similar to clouds?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Viefleur [7K]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The contrail lines are the lines shaped clouds that are formed behind jet aircraft. It usually forms when the warm and humid air from the jet exhaust reacts with air that is comparatively of lower vapor pressure as well as temperature in the upper atmosphere. This combination of air is due to the instability that is caused by engine exhaust. These lines are also known as the condensation trail. They are mainly composed of water which is typically in the form of small ice crystals.

These contrails lines are similar to the clouds as both show similar characteristics. They are similar in appearance as well as in terms of composition. Both are comprised of tiny water droplets and frozen ice crystals.

d1i1m1o1n [39]3 years ago
4 0
<span>Contrails are clouds formed when water vapor condenses and freezes around small particles (aerosols) that exist in aircraft exhaust. Some of that water vapor comes from the air around the plane; and, some is added by the exhaust of the aircraft.</span>Aug 5, 2016
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What is the average atomic mass of all of the naturally occurring isotopes of nickel in amu?
My name is Ann [436]
In general chemistry, isotopes are substances that belong to one specific element. So, they all have the same atomic numbers. But they only differ in the mass numbers, or the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In a nutshell, they only differ in the number of neutrons.

For Nickel, there are 5 naturally occurring isotopes. Their identities, masses and relative abundance are listed below

  Isotope                Abundance           Atomic Mass
   Ni-58                    68.0769%              <span>57.9353 amu
   Ni-60                    </span>26.2231%              <span>59.9308 amu
   Ni-61                    </span>1.1399 %               <span>60.9311 amu
   Ni-62                    </span>3.6345%                <span>61.9283 amu
   Ni-64                    </span>0.9256%                <span>63.9280 amu

To determine the average atomic mass of Nickel, the equation would be:
Average atomic mass = </span>∑Abundance×Atomic Mass

Using the equation, the answer would be:
Average atomic mass = 57.9353(68.0769%) + 59.9308(26.2231%) + 60.9311(1.1399%) + 61.9283(3.6345%) + 63.9280(0.9256%)

Average atomic mass = 58.6933 amu
3 0
3 years ago
Fill in the blank: <br> A correctly written hypothesis uses an ____ ______ statement
myrzilka [38]

Answer:

a theory of a experiment and the experiment acts like a judge determining if the hypothesis is right or wrong from the final test result

Explanation:

8 0
2 years ago
PLEASE ANSWER Which is/are true?
Alona [7]

You have to check each statement, so this is equivalent to 5 different questions.

<u>Answers:</u>

The true statements are:

  • b. Si has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.

  • d. Xe has valence electrons in the n = 5 energy level.

<u>Explanations:</u>

<u>a. Li has valence electrons in the n = 1 energy level.</u>

  • <u>Answer: False.</u>

<em>Valence electrons</em> are the electrons in the outermost main energy level (shell of electrons).

To determine where the valence electrons are, you build the electron configuration, using Aufbau rules to predict the orbital filling: in increasing order of energy.

The atomic number of lithium (Li) is 3. Hence, you have to distribute 3 electrons, and so its electron confiuration is:

  • 1s² 2s¹

The only valence electron is in the 2s orbital, i.e. in the n = 2 energy level.

<u>b. Si has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.</u>

  • <u>Answer: True</u>

Silicon (Si) has atomic number 14, so you have to distribute 14 electrons in increasing order of energy:

  • 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²

Thus, Si has five valence electrons, and they are in the n = 3 energy level.

<u>c. Ga has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.</u>

  • <u>Answer: False</u>

Gallium has atomic number 31, so you have to distribute 31 electrons, filling the orbitals in increasing order of enery.

  • 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p¹

The highest energy level is 4. This is where the valence electrons are. So, Ga has the valence electrons in the n = 4 level (not n = 3 as the statement describes).

<u>d. Xe has valence electrons in the n = 5 energy level.</u>

  • <u>Answer: True</u>

The atomic number of Xe is 54.

Using the short notation (noble gas notation), and filling the orbitals in increasing order of energy, you get the configuration:

  • [Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶.

Hence, the valence electrons are in the n ) 5 level, such as the statement describes.

<u>e. P has valence electrons in the n = 2 energy level.</u>

  • <u>Answer: False</u>

Phosphorus (P) has atomic number 15, hence there are 15 electrons.

The electron configuration following the increasing order of energy, which you can remember using Aufbau rules, is:

  • 1s² 2s² 3s² 3p³

Then, the valence electrons are in the n = 3 energy level; not in the n = 2 energy level.

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3 years ago
PDF on Unit operation 1 and 2​
krok68 [10]
https://mgdic.files.wordpress.com/2016/12/unit-operations.pdf this
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2 years ago
study figure 10-3. how much nitrogen-14 will be produced from a 200-g sample of carbon 14 after 17,190 years
Amanda [17]
For this problem, we use the formula for radioactive decay which is expressed as follows:

An = Aoe^-kt

where An is the amount left after time t, Ao is the initial amount and k is a constant. 

We calculate as follows:

An = Aoe^-kt
0.5 = e^-k(5730)
k = 1.21x10^-4

An = Aoe^-kt
An = 200e^-1.21x10^-4(17190)
An = 25

Therefore, about 175g is produced.
8 0
3 years ago
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