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Effectus [21]
3 years ago
8

A reservoir delivers water to a horizontal pipeline 39 long The first 15 m has a diameter of 50 mm, after which it suddenly beco

mes 75 mm. The outlet of the reservoir is sharp. The flow rate is 2,8 l/s to atmosphere. Take f=0,0048 for the 50 mm pipe and f=0,0058 for the 75 pipe. Determine the difference between the vater level in the reservoir and the outlet of the pipe.
Engineering
1 answer:
allsm [11]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The difference of head in the level of reservoir is 0.23 m.

Explanation:

For pipe 1

d_1=50 mm,f_1=0.0048

For pipe 2

d_2=75 mm,f_2=0.0058

Q=2.8 l/s

Q=2.8\times 10^{-3]

We know that Q=AV

Q=A_1V_1=A_2V_2

A_1=1.95\times 10^{-3}m^2

A_2=4.38\times 10^{-3} m^2

So V_2=0.63 m/s,V_1=1.43 m/s

head loss (h)

h=\dfrac{f_1L_1V_1^2}{2gd_1}+\dfrac{f_2L_2V_2^2}{2gd_2}+0.5\dfrac{V_1^2}{2g}

Now putting the all values

h=\dfrac{0.0048\times 15\times 1.43^2}{2\times 9.81\times 0.05}+\dfrac{0.0058\times 24\times 0.63^2}{2\times 9.81\times 0.075}+0.5\dfrac{1.43^2}{2\times 9.81}

So h=0.23 m

So the difference of head in the level of reservoir is 0.23 m.

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A silicon carbide plate fractured in bending when a blunt load was applied to the plate center. The distance between the fractur
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Question in order:

A silicon carbide plate fractures in bending when a blunt load was applied to the plate center. The distance between the fracture origin and the mirror/mist boundary on the fracture surface was 0.796 mm. To determine the stress used to break the plate, three samples of the same material were tested and produced the following. What is the estimate of the stress present at the time of fracture for the original plate?

Mirror Radius (mm) Bending Failure Stress (MPa)

0.603                         225

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191 MPa

Explanation:

Failure stress of bending is Inversely proportional to the mirror radius

Bending Stress = \frac{1}{(Mirror Radius)^{n}}

At mirror radius 1 = 0.603 mm   Bending stress 1 = 225 Mpa..............(1)

At mirror radius 2 = 0.203 mm  Bending stress 2 = 368 Mpa...............(2)

At mirror radius 3 = 0.162 mm   Bending stress 3 = 442 Mpa...............(3)

comparing case 1 and 2 using the above equation

\frac{Stress 1}{Stress 2} = ({\frac{Radius 2}{Radius 1}})^{n_1}

\frac{225}{368} = ({\frac{0.203}{0.603}})^{n_1}

0.6114 = (0.3366)^{n_1}

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.6114) = n ln(0.3366)

n₁ = ln(0.6114)/ln(0.3366)

n₁ = 0.452

comparing case 2 and 3 using the above equation

\frac{Stress 2}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius 2}})^{n_2}

\frac{368}{442} = ({\frac{0.162}{0.203}})^{n_2}

0.8326 = (0.7980)^{n_2}

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.8326) = n ln(0.7980)

n₂ = ln(0.8326)/ln(0.7980)

n₂ = 0.821

comparing case 1 and 3 using the above equation

\frac{Stress 1}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius 1}})^{n_3}

\frac{225}{442} = ({\frac{0.162}{0.603}})^{n_3}

0.5090 = (0.2687)^{n_3}

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.5090) = n ln(0.2687)

n₃ = ln(0.5090)/ln(0.2687)

n₃ = 0.514

average for n

n = \frac{n_1 + n_2 + n_3}{3}

n = \frac{0.452 +0.821 + 0.514}{3}

n = 0.596

Hence to get bending stress x at mirror radius 0.796

\frac{Stress x}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius x}})^{0.596}

\frac{Stress x}{225} = ({\frac{0.603}{0.796}})^{0.596}

\frac{Stress x}{225} = 0.8475

stress x = 191 MPa

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