Electrons are one of three main types of particles that make up atoms. The other two types are protons and neutrons. Unlike protons and neutrons, which consist of smaller, simpler particles, electrons are fundamental particles that do not consist of smaller particles. They are a type of fundamental particles called leptons. All leptons have an electric charge of −1−1 or 00. Electrons are extremely small. The mass of an electron is only about 1/2000 the mass of a proton or neutron, so electrons contribute virtually nothing to the total mass of an atom. Electrons have an electric charge of −1−1, which is equal but opposite to the charge of a proton, which is +1+1. All atoms have the same number of electrons as protons, so the positive and negative charges "cancel out", making atoms electrically neutral.
Unlike protons and neutrons, which are located inside the nucleus at the center of the atom, electrons are found outside the nucleus. Because opposite electric charges attract each other, negative electrons are attracted to the positive nucleus. This force of attraction keeps electrons constantly moving through the otherwise empty space around the nucleus. The figure below is a common way to represent the structure of an atom. It shows the electron as a particle orbiting the nucleus, similar to the way that planets orbit the sun. This is however, an incorrect perspective, as electrons are more complicated as quantum mechanics demonstrate.
Answer:
1. How many electrons does hydrogen need in order to have a full shell of valence electrons?...two
2. How do valence electrons impact the type of bonds an atom makes?...An atom wants a full outer shell of valence electrons, so it will either transfer or share electrons depending on what the other atom needs.
3.Use your knowledge of valence electrons and how they affect bonds to figure out how carbon (Group 14) and oxygen (Group 16) would be attached to one another. In carbon dioxide (CO2), how is the compound structured? (Use “–” to represent a single bond and “=” to represent a double bond.)...O=C=O
4. Methane’s chemical formula is CH4. Is there a bond between any of the hydrogen atoms? Why or why not?...No, there is not because carbon needs four bonds, so it bonds with each hydrogen atom; hydrogen only forms one bond.
5. In hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which option best shows how the atoms are ordered?...H-O-O-H
Explanation:
Answer:
If you touch the knob of a positively charged electroscope with another positively charged object,the leaves of the electroscope would remain apart.
Answer: A volume of 600 mL of 3.0 M 
solution can be prepared by using 100.0 mL OF 18 M .
Explanation:
Given: 
= ?, 
, 
Formula used to calculate the volume is as follows.
Substitute the values into above formula as follows.
Thus, we can conclude that a volume of 600 mL of 3.0 M solution can be prepared by using 100.0 mL OF 18 M .
NaCl molar mass 58.4 g/mol
moles of NaCl = .35 g * 1 mol/58.4 g = 0.005993 mol
volume of solution = 150 mL = 0.15 L
molarity = mol/vol(in L)
[NaCl] = 0.005933mol/0.15L = 0.03995 M = 0.040 M
