So write everything out as IF it will dissociate in water. So everything that is aq splits but solid just floats to the bottom of the mixture. Cancel what you can (in this case the two from the ClO4 on the left of the equation cancels with the ClO4 from the right) and the 2Na cancels. Then, write out the whole solution and you are done!
The general trend is for ionization energy to increase moving from left to right across an element period. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius decreases, so electrons are more attracted to the (closer) nucleus.