Answer: 
Explanation:
The equation to calculate the center of mass
of a particle system is:

In this case we can arrange for one dimension, assuming the geometric center of the Earth and the ladder are on a line, and assuming original center of mass located at the Earth's geometric center:

Where:
is the mass of the Earth
is the mass of 1 billion people
is the radius of the Earth
is the distance between the center of the Earth and the position of the people (2 m above the Earth's surface)

This is the displacement of Earth's center of mass from the original center.
The order of the positive and negative feedback loops are positive, positive, negative, positive, positive, negative.
<h3>
What is a feedback loop?</h3>
A system component known as a feedback loop is one in which all or a portion of the output is used as input for subsequent actions. A minimum of four phases comprise each feedback loop. Input is produced in the initial phase. Input is recorded and stored in the subsequent stage. Input is examined in the third stage, and during the fourth, decisions are made using the knowledge from the examination.
Both negative and positive feedback loops are possible. Insofar as they stay within predetermined bounds, negative feedback loops are self-regulating and helpful for sustaining an ideal condition. One of the most well-known examples of a self-regulating negative feedback loop is an old-fashioned home thermostat that turns on or off a furnace using bang-bang control.
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Answer:

Explanation:
We are given that
Surface area of membrane=
Thickness of membrane=
Assume that membrane behave like a parallel plate capacitor.
Dielectric constant=5.9
Potential difference between surfaces=85.9 mV
We have to find the charge resides on the outer surface of membrane.
Capacitance between parallel plate capacitor is given by

Substitute the values then we get
Capacitance between parallel plate capacitor=

V=


Hence, the charge resides on the outer surface=