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Likurg_2 [28]
3 years ago
15

Bond length is the distance between the centers of two bonded atoms. on the potential energy curve, the bond length is the inter

nuclear distance between the two atoms when the potential energy of the system reaches its lowest value. given that the atomic radii of h and cl are 25.0 cm and 100. pm , respectively, predict the bond length of the hcl molecule.

Chemistry
2 answers:
kirill [66]3 years ago
8 0
The lowest energy system occurs when the bond is the sum of the 2 atoms' radii. Therefore the length of the H-Cl bond is approximately:
25.0 pm + 100 pm = 125 pm
Hope this helps!
Alisiya [41]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:Hence, the bond length in HCl is 125 pm.

Explanation:

Bond length : It is an average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.

Also given that bond length is the distance between the centers of two bonded atoms. on the potential energy curve, the bond length is the inter-nuclear distance between the two atoms when the potential energy of the system reaches its lowest value. Beyond this if atoms come closer to each other then their will be repulsion between them.

So, the bond length between the Hydrogen and Chlorine atom in HCl molecule is :

Bond length=radius _{hydrogen}+radius_{chlorine}=25pm+100pm=125pm

Hence, the bond length in HCl is 125 pm.

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Answer:

Depending on the E^\circ value of \rm Ag^{+} + e^{-} \to Ag\; (s), the cell potential would be:

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Explanation:

In this galvanic cell, the following two reactions are going on:

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Note that the standard reduction potential of \rm Ag^{+} ions to \rm Ag\; (s) is higher than that of \rm Cu^{2+} ions to \rm Cu\; (s). Alternatively, consider the fact that in the metal activity series, copper is more reactive than silver. Either way, the reaction is this cell will be spontaneous (and will generate a positive EMF) only if \rm Ag^{+} ions are reduced while \rm Cu\; (s) is oxidized.

Therefore:

  • The reduction reaction at the cathode will be: \rm Ag^{+} + e^{-} \to Ag\; (s). The standard cell potential of this reaction (according to this question) is E(\text{cathode}) = 0.89\; \rm V. According to the 2012 CRC handbook, that value will be approximately 0.79\; \rm V.
  • The oxidation at the anode will be: \rm Cu\; (s) \to \rm Cu^{2+} + 2\, e^{-}. According to this question, this reaction in the opposite direction (\rm Cu^{2+}\; (aq) + 2\, e^{-} \rightleftharpoons \rm Cu\; (s)) has an electrode potential of 0.34\; \rm V. When that reaction is inverted, the electrode potential will also be inverted. Therefore, E(\text{anode}) = -0.34\; \rm V.

The cell potential is the sum of the electrode potentials at the cathode and at the anode:

\begin{aligned}E(\text{cell}) &= E(\text{cathode}) + E(\text{anode}) \\ &= 0.89 \; \rm V + (-0.34\; \rm V) = 0.55\; \rm V\end{aligned}.

Using data from the 1985 and 2012 CRC Handbook:

\begin{aligned}E(\text{cell}) &= E(\text{cathode}) + E(\text{anode}) \\ &\approx 0.7996 \; \rm V + (-0.337\; \rm V) \approx 0.46\; \rm V\end{aligned}.

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Answer:

See Explanation

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