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3 years ago

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(a) At what height above Earth’s surface is the energy required to lift a satellite to that height equal to the kinetic energy r

equired for the satellite to be in orbit at that height?
(b) For greater heights, which is greater, the energy for lifting or the kinetic energy for orbiting?

1 answer:

Nikitich [7]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

Gravitational Potential Energy at earth surface $U_1=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}$

Gravitational Potential Energy at height h is $U_2=\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}$

Energy required to lift the satellite $E_1=U_1-U_2$

$E_1=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}$

Now Energy required to orbit around the earth

$E_2=\frac{1}{2}mv_{orbit}^2=\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}$

$\Delta E=E_1-E_2$

$\Delta E=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}-\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}$

$E_1=E_2$ (given)

$\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}-\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}=0$

$\frac{1}{R_e}-\frac{3}{2(R_e+h)}=0$

$h=\frac{R_e}{2}$

$h=3.19\times 10^6\ m$

(b)For greater height $E_1$ is greater than $E_2$

thus energy to lift the satellite is more than orbiting around earth

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Answer:

he correct answers are a, b

Explanation:

In the two-slit interference phenomenon, the expression for interference is

d sin θ= m λ constructive interference

d sin θ = (m + ½) λ destructive interference

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tanθ = y / L

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derestimate the first two equations.

Let's do the calculation for constructive interference

d y / L = m λ

the distance between maximum clos is and

y = (me / d) λ

this is the position of each maximum, the distance between two consecutive maximums

y₂-y₁ = (L 2/d) λ - (L 1 / d) λ₁ y₂ -y₁ = L / d λ

examining this equation if the wavelength decreases the value of y also decreases

the same calculation for destructive interference

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y = [(m + ½) L / d] λ

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3 years ago

What are the characteristics of the radiation emitted by a blackbody? According to Wien's Law, how many times hotter is an objec

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Answer:

a) What are the characteristics of the radiation emitted by a blackbody?

The total emitted energy per unit of time and per unit of area depends in its temperature (Stefan-Boltzmann law).

The peak of emission for the spectrum will be displaced to shorter wavelengths as the temperature increase (Wien’s displacement law).

The spectral density energy is related with the temperature and the wavelength (Planck’s law).

b) According to Wien's Law, how many times hotter is an object whose blackbody emission spectrum peaks in the blue, at a wave length of 450 nm, than a object whose spectrum peaks in the red, at 700 nm?

The object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the blue is 1.55 times hotter than the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the red.

Explanation:

A blackbody is an ideal body that absorbs all the thermal radiation that hits its surface, thus becoming an excellent emitter, as these bodies express themselves without light radiation, and therefore they look black.

The radiation of a blackbody depends only on its temperature, thus being independent of its shape, material and internal constitution.

If it is study the behavior of the total energy emitted from a blackbody at different temperatures, it can be seen how as the temperature increases the energy will also increase, this energy emitted by the blackbody is known as spectral radiance and the result of the behavior described previously is Stefan's law:

$E = \sigma T^{4}$ (1)

Where $\sigma$ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature.

The Wien’s displacement law establish how the peak of emission of the spectrum will be displace to shorter wavelengths as the temperature increase (inversely proportional):

$\lambda max = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{T}$ (2)

Planck’s law relate the temperature with the spectral energy density (shape) of the spectrum:

$E_{\lambda} = {{8 \pi h c}\over{{\lambda}^5}{(e^{({hc}/{\lambda \kappa T})}-1)}}}$ (3)

b) According to Wien's Law, how many times hotter is an object whose blackbody emission spectrum peaks in the blue, at a wavelength of 450 nm, than a object whose spectrum peaks in the red, at 700 nm?

It is need it to known the temperature of both objects before doing the comparison. That can be done by means of the Wien’s displacement law.

Equation (2) can be rewrite in terms of T:

$T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{\lambda max}$ (4)

Case for the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the blue:

Before replacing all the values in equation (4), $\lambda max$ (450 nm) will be express in meters:

$450 nm . \frac{1m}{1x10^{9} nm}$ ⇒ $4.5x10^{-7}m$

$T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{4.5x10^{-7}m}$

$T = 6440 K$

Case for the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the red:

Following the same approach above:

$700 nm . \frac{1m}{1x10^{9} nm}$ ⇒ $7x10^{-7}m$

$T = \frac{2.898x10^{-3} m. K}{7x10^{-7}m}$

$T = 4140 K$

Comparison:

$\frac{6440 K}{4140 K} = 1.55$

The object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the blue is 1.55 times hotter than the object with the blackbody emission spectrum peak in the red.

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What is the net force exerted on a 28.8 kg shopping cart that accelerates at a rate of 2.88 m/s^2?

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Answer:

<h2>82.94 N</h2>

Explanation:

The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula

force = mass × acceleration

From the question we have

force = 28.8 × 2.88 = 82.944

We have the final answer as

<h3>82.94 N</h3>

Hope this helps you

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3 years ago

A 0.18-kg turntable of radius 0.32 m spins about a vertical axis through its center. A constant rotational acceleration causes t

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Answer:

Angular acceleration will be $18.84rad/sec^2$

Explanation:

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We know that $\omega _f=\omega _i+\alpha t$

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3 years ago