When 2-heptyne was treated with aqueous sulfuric acid containing mercury(II) sulfate, two products, each having the molecular fo
rmula C7H14O, were obtained in approximately equal amounts. What are these two compounds?
1 answer:
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
This is a reaction of alkyne hydration. We have aqueous sulfuric acid in HgSO4. This reagent is used to convert a alkyne into a ketone. The mechanism of reaction is taking place in 4 steps.
The first step is an electrophilic adition where the atom of Hydrogen that the acid provides, is added to the alkyne in the triple bond.
In this step, as Carbon 2 and Carbon 3, do not have any atom of hydrogen, the adition of this hydrogen could take place in either carbon 2 or carbon 3, that's why at the end you can have two products in equal amounts.
The second step is the adition of one molecule of water in the carbocation that appears in the previous step.
The third step, is an acid base equilibrium, where the hydrogen atom from the water that added to the heptene, is substracted (In this case by the conjugate base of the acid).
In this way, we will have an alcohol with a double bond. This is the enolic form of the molecule.
The final step is a tautomeric equilibrium, where the double bond of the C = C will pass to a double bond C = O forming a carbonile and therefore, a ketone.
If this was done in carbon 2 from step 1, you'll have the 2-heptanone. If it were on carbon 3, it will be the 3 - Heptanone.
Picture attached has the mechanism and products.
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Answer:
The total amount of energy required is 25,515.2 J.
Explanation:
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
When a system absorbs (or gives up) a certain amount of heat, it can happen that:
- experience a change in its temperature, which involves sensible heat,
- undergoes a phase change at constant temperature, or latent heat.
To calculate the latent heat the formula is used:
Q = m. L
Where
- Q: amount of heat
- m: mass
- L: latent heat
To calculate sensible heat the following formula is used:
Q = m. c. ΔT
where:
- Q: amount of sensible heat
- m: body mass
- c: specific heat of the substance
- ΔT: temperature range
In this case, you have in the first place a heat to raise the temp of the water from 35.0 C to 100 C, where the specific heat value for water is 4.184 :
q1 = m*c*(Tfinal-Tinitial)
q1 = 10.0 g *(4.184 )* (100 - 35.0 C) = 2719.6 J
Now you have the heat to vaporize the water, where the heat of vaporization is 2259.36 :
q2 = m*(heat of vaporization)
q2 = 10.0 g*(2259.36 ) = 22593.6 J
Finally, you have the heat to raise temp of steam to 110 C, where the specific heat value for steam is 2.02 :
q3 = m*c*(Tfinal-Tinitial)
q3 = 10.0 g*(2.02 )*(110-100 C) = 202 J
The total amount of energy can be calculated as:
Q= q1 + q2 + q3
Q= 2719.6 J + 22593.6 J + 202 J
Q=25,515.2 J
<u><em>The total amount of energy required is 25,515.2 J.</em></u>