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tangare [24]
3 years ago
6

3. (a) (5 points) Suppose N packets arrive simultaneously to a link at which no packets are currently being transmitted or queue

d. Each packet is of length L and the link has transmission rate R. What is the average queuing delay for the N packets? (b) (5 points) Now suppose that one of such N packets arrives to the link every L/2R seconds. What is the average queuing delay of a packet?
Engineering
1 answer:
Bezzdna [24]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

(N-1) × (L/2R) = (N-1)/2

Explanation:

let L is length of packet

R is rate

N is number of packets

then

first packet arrived with 0 delay

Second packet arrived at = L/R

Third packet arrived at = 2L/R

Nth packet arrived at = (n-1)L/R

Total queuing delay = L/R + 2L/R + ... + (n - 1)L/R = L(n - 1)/2R

Now

L / R = (1000) / (10^6 ) s = 1 ms

L/2R = 0.5 ms

average queuing delay for N packets = (N-1) * (L/2R) = (N-1)/2

the average queuing delay of a packet = 0 ( put N=1)

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Solution :

Given :

The number of blows is given as :

0 - 6 inch = 4 blows

6 - 12 inch = 6 blows

12 - 18 inch = 6 blows

The vertical effective stress $=1500 \ lb/ft^2$

                                              $= 71.82 \ kN/m^2$

                                             $ \sim 72 \ kN/m^2 $

Now,

$N_1=N_0 \left(\frac{350}{\bar{\sigma}+70} \right)$

$N_1 = $ corrected N - value of overburden

$\bar{\sigma}=$ effective stress at level of test

0 - 6 inch, $N_1=4 \left(\frac{350}{72+70} \right)$

                      = 9.86

6 - 12 inch, $N_1=6 \left(\frac{350}{72+70} \right) $

                        = 14.8

12 - 18 inch, $N_1=6 \left(\frac{350}{72+70} \right) $

                         = 14.8

$N_{avg}=\frac{9.86+14.8+14.8}{3}$

       = 13.14

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8 0
2 years ago
11–17 A long, thin-walled double-pipe heat exchanger with tube and shell diameters of 1.0 cm and 2.5 cm, respectively, is used t
lana [24]

Answer:

the overall heat transfer coefficient of this heat exchanger is 1855.8923 W/m²°C

Explanation:

Given:

d₁ = diameter of the tube = 1 cm = 0.01 m

d₂ = diameter of the shell = 2.5 cm = 0.025 m

Refrigerant-134a

20°C is the temperature of water

h₁ = convection heat transfer coefficient = 4100 W/m² K

Water flows at a rate of 0.3 kg/s

Question: Determine the overall heat transfer coefficient of this heat exchanger, Q = ?

First at all, you need to get the properties of water at 20°C in tables:

k = 0.598 W/m°C

v = 1.004x10⁻⁶m²/s

Pr = 7.01

ρ = 998 kg/m³

Now, you need to calculate the velocity of the water that flows through the shell:

v_{w} =\frac{m}{\rho \pi (\frac{d_{2}^{2}-d_{1}^{2}  }{4} )} =\frac{0.3}{998*\pi (\frac{0.025^{2}-0.01^{2}  }{4}) } =0.729m/s

It is necessary to get the Reynold's number:

Re=\frac{v_{w}(d_{2}-d_{1}) }{v} =\frac{0.729*(0.025-0.01)}{1.004x10^{-6} } =10891.4343

Like the Reynold's number is greater than 10000, the regime is turbulent. Now, the Nusselt's number:

Nu=0.023Re^{0.8} Pr^{0.4} =0.023*(10891.4343)^{0.8} *(7.01)^{0.4} =85.0517

The overall heat transfer coefficient:

Q=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{h_{1} }+\frac{1}{h_{2} }  }

Here

h_{2} =\frac{kNu}{d_{2}-d_{1}} =\frac{0.598*85.0517}{0.025-0.01} =3390.7278W/m^{2}C

Substituting values:

Q=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{4100}+\frac{1}{3390.7278}  } =1855.8923W/m^{2} C

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