There are two interchangeable concepts that can be applied to this theory. The first one is the moment of Inertia and the second the perioricity. When the runners put their leg forward they reduce their moment of inertia allowing their center of mass to maintain the speed they carry and not waste energy. In this way when they swing, the leg begins to act as a kind of pendulum, and remember that the pendulum is directly proportional to the length, that is,

In this way, by bringing their legs closer they reduce the distance and make the period shorter.
 
        
             
        
        
        
In physical chemistry or in thermodynamics, the work done on the system or by the system (depending on the sign convention) can be determined in several ways. When assumptions like ideal gas behavior is applied, then the formula for work is
W = Δ(PV)
which is the change of the product of Pressure and Volume. But since it was specified that Pressure is constant, the work could be simplified into
W = PΔV = P(V₂ - V₁)
Since we already know the constant pressure and the volumes of the ideal gas before and after the change, we could now solve for work. But let's establish first the units of work which is in Joules. When simplified, Joules is equal to m³*Pa. So, we first change the unit of pressure from atm to Pascals ( 1 atm = 101,325 Pa) and the unit of volume from liters to m³ (1 m³ = 1000 L),
1.5 atm * 101325 Pa/1 atm = 151987.5 Pa
15 L * 1 m³/1000 L = 0.015 m³
35 L * 1 m³/1000 L = 0.035 m³
Then, they are now ready for substitution,
W = 151987.5 Pa (0.035 m³ - 0.015 m³)
W = 3,039.75 Joules
        
                    
             
        
        
        
The instantaneous velocity of the plate at 250,000 years is 5 mm/year.
The finite velocity of the plate for the entire million-year timespan is 2 mm/year.
<h3>Instantaneous velocity </h3>
The instantaneous velocity is the rate of change of displacement   with time. It measures the velocity at a specific period of time.
The instantaneous velocity of the plate at 250,000 years is 5 mm/year.
<h3>Finite velocity</h3>
The finite velocity of the plate for the entire million-year timespan is calculated as follows;

Learn more about instantaneous velocity here: brainly.com/question/2234298