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snow_lady [41]
3 years ago
11

Which of the following has the smallest radius? A. O^2- B. F^- C. Li^- D. Be^2+

Chemistry
1 answer:
nordsb [41]3 years ago
4 0

Answer : The correct option is, (D) Be^{2+}

Explanation :

Effective nuclear charge : It is defined as the attraction of the protons present in the nucleus of an atom to the outermost electrons.

For ions, the effective nuclear charge changes than the neutral atom.

There are two types of ions:

Cations: They are formed when an atom looses its valence electrons. They are positive ions.

Anions: They are formed when an atom gain electrons in its outermost shell. They are negative ions.

For positive ions, the removal of electron increases the nuclear charge for an outermost electron because the outermost electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus. Thus, the effective nuclear charge increases for cations.

From this we conclude that, the size of the cation is smaller than their neutral atom because it has less number of electrons while its nuclear charge remains the same. So, the nucleus attracts the electron more towards itself and leads to the decrease in size.

For negative ions, the addition of electron decreases the nuclear charge for an outermost electron because the outermost electrons are less strongly attracted by the nucleus. Thus, the effective nuclear charge decreases for anions.

From this we conclude that, the size of the anion is greater than their neutral atom because it has more number of electrons while its nuclear charge remains the same. So, the nucleus attracts the electron less towards itself and leads to the increase in size.

Thus, the increasing order of radius of ions will be:

Be^{2+}

Hence, the smallest radius of ion is, Be^{2+}

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Use Appendix C to choose the solution with the lower pH:0.1MBeCl₂ or 0.1MCaCl₂
musickatia [10]

A lower pH means that there are extra hydrogen ions in the liquid, whereas a higher pH indicates fewer hydrogen ions in the liquid. In simple terms, pH is a scale from 1 to 14 that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid.

The hydrated ion undergoes hydrolysis in solution producing `H3O+ . This occurs because the Be-O bond is very strong and so in the hydrated ion and it  weakens the 0-H bond. Hence, there is a strong tendency to lose protons. For this particular reason, the aqueous solution of `BeCl_2` is acidic in nature.

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6 0
1 year ago
Some versions of the periodic table show hydrogen at the top of Group 1A(1) and at the top of Group 7A(17). What properties of h
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Answer:Hydrogen is placed such because it exhibits some similar characteristics of both group1 and group VII elements.

Explanation:

The reason why hydrogen is similar to group 1 metals:

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3 years ago
A student placed 18.5 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in a volumetric flask, added enough water to dissolve the glucose by swirling, then
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Answer:

1.30464 grams of glucose was present in 100.0 mL of final solution.

Explanation:

Molarity=\frac{moles}{\text{Volume of solution(L)}}

Moles of glucose = \frac{18.5 g}{180 g/mol}=0.1028 mol

Volume of the solution = 100 mL = 0.1 L (1 mL = 0.001 L)

Molarity of the solution = \frac{0.1028 mol}{0.1 L}=1.028 mol/L

A 30.0 mL sample of above glucose solution was diluted to 0.500 L:

Molarity of the solution before dilution = M_1=1.208 mol

Volume of the solution taken = V_1=30.0 mL

Molarity of the solution after dilution = M_2

Volume of the solution after dilution= V_2=0.500L = 500 mL

M_1V_1=M_2V_2

M_2=\frac{M_1V_1}{V_2}=\frac{1.208 mol/L\times 30.0 mL}{500 mL}

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Mass glucose are in 100.0 mL of the 0.07248 mol/L glucose solution:

Volume of solution = 100.0 mL = 0.1 L

0.07248 mol/L=\frac{\text{moles of glucose}}{0.1 L}

Moles of glucose = 0.07248 mol/L\times 0.1 L=0.007248 mol

Mass of 0.007248 moles of glucose :

0.007248 mol × 180 g/mol = 1.30464 grams

1.30464 grams of glucose was present in 100.0 mL of final solution.

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