The correct answer among the options given is B. . When
the forward and reverse paths of a change occur at the same rate, <span>the system is in equilibrium specifically in
dynamic equilibrium.<span> Dynamic equilibrium is
the balance in a process that is continuing. </span></span>
        
             
        
        
        
Explanation:
Relation between pressure, latent heat of fusion, and change in volume is as follows.
           
Also, 
where, 
 is the difference in specific volumes.
Hence,    
As, 
 = 22.0 J/mol K
And,   
 ...... (1)
where,    
 = density of water
               
 = density of ice
              M = molar mass of water = 
 
Therefore, using formula in equation (1) we will calculate the volume of fusion as follows.
         
 
                        = 
   
                        = 
        
Therefore, calculate the required pressure as follows.
               
                               = 
 
or,                           = 145 bar/K
Hence, for change of 1 degree pressure the decrease is 145 bar  and for 4.7 degree change dP = 
 
                               = 681.5 bar
Thus, we can conclude that pressure should be increased by 681.5 bar to cause 4.7 degree change in melting point. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
The answer is salinity, salinity is the saltiness or dissolved inorganic salt content of a body of water.