So you subtract the numbers that are on the same axis. So if your gravitational force is 10 and your normal force is 5 you do 5-10 to get -5 since gravity acts downward
Because even though the object got crush and misshape it still has the same identity. the identity never change
We will put the number of trips in the first column, the miles driven in the second column and gallons of fuel used in the third column.
8 7,680 1,010
7 9,940 1,330
12 14,640 1,790
12 13,920 2,050
Work is (force) times (distance). For Amy, you know both of them, and you can easily multiply them to find the amount of work. For Joe, the distance is zero, which should tell you all you need to know.