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3 years ago

Describe and explain how petrol is separated from the mixture of hydrocarbons in crude oil.

1 answer:

8 0

The process is called fractional distillation. It works by heating up the crude oil inside a chamber to a boil (vaporizing it). Due to the fact that each component of crude oil has a different boiling point, each component of the crude oil will condense at a different height inside the chamber since the chamber gets colder the further up you go away from the heat source. Since each component condenses at different heights in the chamber, there are places to collect condensing liquid at different heights in the chamber (The heights correspond to the boiling point of each component). These collection areas will collect only the component of crude oil that condenses at that temperature. The condensing point is basically the boiling point which means the lower in the chamber that component condenses at, the higher the boiling point for that component is and therefore the heavier that component is (the heavier components get collected near the bottom of the chamber while the lighter components get collected near the top of the chamber).

I hope this helps. Let me know if anything is unclear.

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Below is the equation of sucrose and sulfuric acid-producing carbon, water vapor and sulfur dioxide.

Karolina [17]

Answer:

11 is the coefficient for C to balance the equation

Explanation:

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) + 1/2 O₂(g) → 11C(s) + CO₂(g) + 12H₂O(g) + SO₂(g)

12 Carbons in left side → 12 Carbons in right side

12 in sucrose → 11 in solid C + 1 in the CO₂

24 Hydrogens in left side → 24 Hydrogens in right side

22 in sucrose + 2 in sulfuric → 24 in water vapor

1 S in left side → 1 S in right side

1 S in sulfuric → 1 S in sulfur dioxide

16 O in left side → 16 O in right side

11 O in sucrose + 4 in sulfuric + 1 O at ground state → 2 O in carbon dioxide + 12 in water vapor + 2 in sulfur dioxide

7 0

3 years ago

What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon whose molar mass is 536 g/mol and contains 89.55 w/w% carbon?

leonid [27]

Given the percentage composition of HC as C → 81.82 % and H → 18.18 %

So the ratio of number if atoms of C and H in its molecule can will be:

C : H = 81.82 12 : 18.18 1 C : H = 6.82 : 18.18 = 6.82 6.82 : 18.18 6.82 = 1 : 2.66 ≈ 3 : 8

So the Empirical Formula of hydrocarbon is:

C 3 H 8

As the mass of one litre of hydrocarbon is same as that of C O 2 The molar mass of the HC will be same as that of C O 2 i.e 44 g mol

Now let Molecular formula of the HC be ( C 3 H 8 ) n

Using molar mass of C and H the molar mass of the HC from its molecular formula is:

( 3 × 12 + 8 × 1 ) n = 44 n So 44 n = 44 ⇒ n = 1

Hence the molecular formula of HC is C 3 H 8

Does that help?

7 0

3 years ago

The prefix centi- means

olya-2409 [2.1K]

100. Centi means a hundred.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What is the entropy change of the surroundings

KiRa [710]

Answer: The entropy change of the surroundings will be -17.7 J/K mol.

Explanation: The enthalpy of vapourization for 1 mole of acetone is 31.3 kJ/mol

Amount of Acetone given = 10.8 g

Number of moles is calculated by using the formula:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$

Molar mass of acetone = 58 g/mol

Number of moles = $\frac{10.8}{58}=0.1862moles$

If 1 mole of acetone has 32.3 kJ/mol of enthalpy, then

0.1862 moles will have = $\frac{32.3}{1}\times 0.1862=5.828kJ/mol$

To calculate the entropy change for the system, we use the formula:

$\Delta S_{sys}=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{T(\text{ in K)}}$

Temperature = 56.2°C = (273 + 56.2)K = 329.2K

Putting values in above equation, we get

$\Delta S_{sys}=\frac{5.828}{329.2}=0.0177kJ/Kmol=17.7J/Kmol$ (Conversion Factor: 1 kJ = 1000J)

At Boiling point, the liquid phase and gaseous phase of acetone are in equilibrium. Hence,

$\Delta S_{system}+\Delta S_{surrounding}=0$

$\Delta S_{surrouding}=-\Delta S_{system}=-17.7J/Kmol$

5 0

4 years ago

How many moles (of molecules or formula units) are in each sample? part a 71.66 g cf2cl2?

Elina [12.6K]

Answer is: there is 0,592 moles of CF₂Cl₂.
m(CF₂Cl₂) = 71,66 g.
n(CF₂Cl₂) = m(CF₂Cl₂) ÷ M(CF₂Cl₂).
n(CF₂Cl₂) = 71,66 g ÷ 120,91 g/mol.
n(CF₂Cl₂) = 0,592 mol.
M - molar mass substance.
m - mass of substance.
n - amount of substance.

5 0

4 years ago