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USPshnik [31]
3 years ago
9

Describe and explain how petrol is separated from the mixture of hydrocarbons in crude oil.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anna71 [15]3 years ago
8 0
The process is called fractional distillation.  It works by heating up the crude oil inside a chamber to a boil (vaporizing it). Due to the fact that each component of crude oil has a different boiling point, each component of the crude oil will condense at a different height inside the chamber since the chamber gets colder the further up you go away from the heat source. Since each component condenses at different heights in the chamber, there are places to collect condensing liquid at different heights in the chamber (The heights correspond to the boiling point of each component).  These collection areas will collect only the component of crude oil that condenses at that temperature.  The condensing point is basically the boiling point which means the lower in the chamber that component condenses at, the higher the boiling point for that component is and therefore the heavier that component is (the heavier components get collected near the bottom of the chamber while the lighter components get collected near the top of the chamber).

I hope this helps.  Let me know if anything is unclear.
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Tubes through which water flows as it is brought from 0.8 MPa, 150C to 240C at essentially constant pressure in the boiler of a
motikmotik

Answer:

The correct answer is i) 50.2 % ii) 13440.906 kW and iii) 71.986 kg/s.

Explanation:

In order to find the mass flow rate of the combustion of gases, there is a need to use the energy balance equation:  

Mass of water × specific heat of water (T2 -T1)w = mass of gas × specific heat of gas (T2-T1)g

100 × 4.18 × [(240 + 273) - (150 + 273)] = mass of gas × 1.005 × [(1067+273) - (547+273)]

Mass of gas = 71.986 kg/s

The entropy generation of water can be determined by using the formula,  

(ΔS)w = mass of water × specific heat of water ln(T2/T1)w

= 100 × 4.18 ln(513/423)

= 80.6337 kW/K

Similarly the entropy generation of water will be,

(ΔS)g = mass of gas × specific heat of gas ln(T2/T1)g

= 71.986 × 1.005 ln (820/1340)

= -35.53 kW/K

The rate of energy destruction will be,  

Rate of energy destruction = To (ΔS)gen

= T₀ [(ΔS)w + (ΔS)g]

= (25+273) [80.6337-53.53)

Rate of energy destruction = 13440.906 kW

The availability of water will be calculated as,  

= mass of water (specific heat of water) [(T₁-T₂) -T₀ ln T₁/T₂]

= 100 × 4.8 [(513-423) - 298 ln 513/423]

= 13591.1477 kW

The availability of gas will be calculated as,  

= mass of gas (specific heat of gas) [(T₁-T₂) - T₀ ln T₁/T₂]

= 71.986 × 1.005 × [(1340-820) - 298 ln 1340/820]

= 27031.7728 kW

The exergetic efficiency can be calculated as,  

= Gain of availability / loss of availability  

= 13591.1477/27031.7728

= 0.502

The exergetic efficiency is 50.2%.  

4 0
2 years ago
I appreciate the help
hram777 [196]

Answer:

yes the answer is true because heat changes duriing epalthy change

7 0
3 years ago
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GrogVix [38]
Larger nickel–zinc battery systems have been known for over 100 years. Since 2000, development of a stabilized zinc electrode system has made this technology viable and competitive with other commercially available rechargeable battery systems.
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3 years ago
Who would you rather date. . . <br> zuko<br> sokka<br> aang<br> toph<br> katara<br> suki
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Answer:

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Explanation:

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3 years ago
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How many moles of Nitrogen in 40.0 g of N2O?<br> .14 g<br> 25.5 g<br> 14.5 g
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Answer:

To do this question. we first have to find the mass% of nitrogen in N2O and then, using that percentage, we can simply find the number of moles of N from the number of moles of N2O

<u></u>

<u>Mass % of Nitrogen:</u>

Mass% of nitrogen = (Molar mass of N2 / Molar mass of N2O)*100

Mass% nitrogen = (28 / 44)*100

Mass% of Nitrogen = 0.63 * 100

Mass% nitrogen = 63%

<u>Mass of Nitrogen:</u>

So, now we can say that in any given mass of N2O. 63% of the total mass is the mass of Nitrogen

Hence, total mass * 63/100 = Mass of Nitrogen

Replacing the variables

40 * 0.63 = Mass of Nitrogen

Mass of Nitrogen = 25.2 grams

8 0
2 years ago
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