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3 years ago

8

Water flows at a uniform velocity of 3 m/s into a nozzle that reduces the diameter from 10 cm to 2 cm. Calculate the water’s vel

ocity leaving the nozzle and the flow rate.

1 answer:

katrin2010 [14]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

See the pictures attached

Explanation:

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3 years ago

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garri49 [273]

Answer:

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Explanation:

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6 0

2 years ago

Does the music contribute to the performance of its production?

gizmo_the_mogwai [7]

Answer:

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2 years ago

Applying the Entropy Balance: Closed Systems Five kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas undergoes a process in a well-insulated piston–

Mrrafil [7]

Answer:

a) the amount of energy produced in kJ/K is 0.73145 kJ/K

b) the amount of energy produced in kJ/K is 0.68975 kJ/K

The value for entropy production obtained using constant specific heats is approximately 6% higher than the value obtained when accounting explicitly for the variation in specific heats.

Explanation:

Draw the T-s diagram.

a)

$C_p$ = 0.939 kJ/kg.K , m = 5 kg , T₂ = 520 K , T₁ = 280

R = [8.314 kJ / 44.01 kg.K] , P₂ = 20 bar , P₁ = 2 bar

Δs = $m[c_p ln(\frac{T_2}{T_1}) - Rln(\frac{P_2}{P_1})]$

Substitute all parameters in the equation

Δs = $5[(0.939) ln(\frac{520}{280}) - (\frac{8.314}{44.01})ln(\frac{20}{2})]$

Δs = 5 kg × 0.14629 kJ/kg.K

= 0.73145 kJ/K

b)

Δs = $m[\frac{s^0(T_2) - s^0(T_1)}{M} - Rln(\frac{P_2}{P_1})]$

Where T₁ = 280 K , s°(T₁) = 211.376 kJ/kmol.K

T₂ = 520 K , s°(T₂) = 236.575 kJ/kmol.K

R = [8.314 kJ / 44.01 kg.K] , M = 44.01 kg.K , P₂ = 20 bar , P₁ = 2 bar

Δs = $5[\frac{236.575 - 211.376}{44.01} - (\frac{8.314}{44.01})ln(\frac{20}{2})]$

= 5 kg (0.13795 kJ/kg.K)

= 0.68975 kJ/K

The value for entropy production obtained using constant specific heats is approximately 6% higher than the value obtained when accounting explicitly for the variation in specific heats.

7 0

3 years ago

A spark ignition engine burns a fuel of calorific value 45MJkg. It compresses the air-ful mixture in accordance with PV^1.3=cons

antoniya [11.8K]

Answer:

i). Compression ratio = 3.678

ii). fuel consumption = 0.4947 kg/hr

Explanation:

Given :

$PV^{1.3}=C$

Fuel calorific value = 45 MJ/kg

We know, engine efficiency is given by,

$\eta = 1-\left ( \frac{1}{r_{c}} \right )^{1.3-1}$

where $r_{c}$ is compression ratio = $\frac{v_{c}+v_{s}}{v_{c}}$

$r_{c}$ = $1+\frac{v_{s}}{v_{c}}$

where $v_{c}$ is compression volume

$v_{s}$ is swept volume

Now it is given that swept volume at 30% of compression, 70% of the swept volume remains.

Then, $v_{30}=v_{c}+0.7v_{s}$

and at 70% compression, 30% of the swept volume remains

∴ $v_{70}=v_{c}+0.3v_{s}$

We know,

$\frac{P_{2}}{P_{1}}=\left ( \frac{V_{1}}{V_{2}} \right )^{n}$

$\frac{2.75}{1.5}=\left ( \frac{v_{c}+0.7\times v_{s}}{v_{c}+0.3\times v_{s}} \right )^{1.3}$

$\left ( 1.833 \right )^{\frac{1}{1.3}}=\frac{v_{c}+0.7v_{s}}{v_{c}+0.3v_{s}}\\$

$1.594=\frac{v_{c}+0.7v_{s}}{v_{c}+0.3v_{s}}$

$v_{c}+0.7v_{s}=1.594v_{c}+0.4782v_{s}$

$0.7v_{s}-0.4782v_{s}=1.594v_{c}-v_{c}$

$0.2218v_{s} = 0.594v_{c}$

$v_{c}=0.3734 v_{s}$

∴ $r_{c}= 1+\frac{v_{s}}{0.3734v_{s}}$

Therefore, compression ratio is $r_{c}$ = 3.678

Now efficiency, $\eta =\left ( 1-\frac{1}{r_{c}} \right )^{0.3}$

$\eta =\left ( 1-\frac{1}{3.678} \right )^{0.3}$

$\eta =0.32342$ , this is the ideal efficiency

Therefore actual efficiency, $\eta_{act} =0.5\times \eta _{ideal}$

$\eta_{act} =0.5\times 0.32342$

$\eta_{act} =0.1617$

Therefore total power required = 1 kW x 3600 J

= 3600 kJ

∴ we know efficiency, $\eta=\frac{W_{net}}{Q_{supply}}$

$Q_{supply}=\frac{W_{net}}{\eta _{act}}$

$Q_{supply}=\frac{3600}{0.1617}$

$Q_{supply}=22261.78 kJ$

Therefore fuel required = $\frac{22261.78}{45000}$

= 0.4947 kg/hr

5 0

3 years ago