The organic acid, ACOOH, reacts reversibly with the alcohol BOH, to form the ester ACOOB according to the stoichiometric equatio
n: ACOOH BOH ACOOB H20 The reaction will be carried out in an ideal batch reactor and the water will be removed rapidly by stripping with an inert gas as the reaction proceeds. Therefore, the reverse reaction can be neglected. The rate equation for the forward reaction is: The value of the rate constant s k = 0.16 M-2h-1 at 373 K. The reaction is carried out in solution in a 2000 L reactor. The initial concentration of ACOOH is ACOOHJo = 2 M and the initial concentration of BOH is [BOHo 3 M. The reactor is operated isothermally at 373 K. How long must the liquid phase reaction run in an ideal, isothermal batch reactor to obtain a fractional conversion of A of 0.9?
1 answer:
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Answer:
a)
b) %
Explanation:
A) First, let's write the energy balance:
(The enthalpy of an ideal gas is just function of the temperature, not the pressure).
The Cp of air is: 1.004 And its specific R constant is 0.287
.
The only unknown from the energy balance is , so it is possible to calculate it. The power must be negative because the work is done by the fluid, so the energy is going out from it.
B) The isentropic efficiency (e) is defined as:
Where is the isentropic enthalpy at the exit of the turbine for the isentropic process. The only missing in the last equation is that variable, because
can be obtained from the energy balance
An entropy change for an ideal gas with constant Cp is given by:
You can review its deduction on van Wylen 6 Edition, section 8.10.
For the isentropic process the equation is:
Applying logarithm properties:
Then,
So, now it is possible to calculate :
Finally, the efficiency can be calculated:
%