How do you determine the valence electrons? Ex. Li=?, Be=?, N=?, O=?, F=? (List the charges)
2 answers:
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To create the Lewis structure we need to take into account the octet rule: atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons to complete their valence shell with 8 electrons.
C belongs to Group 4A in the periodic table so it has 4 valence electrons. It needs to share 4 pairs of electrons to complete the octet.
F belongs to Group 7A in the periodic table so it has 7 valence electrons. Each F needs to share 1 pair of electrons to complete the octet.
As a consequence, in CF₄, C will form a single bond with each F and all the octets will be complete.
Answer:
Ethyl propionate
Explanation:
Calculating the double bond equivalence as:
DBE = C - (H/2) - (X/2) + (N/2) +1
Where
C is the number of carbon atoms
N is the number of nitrogen atoms
X is the number of halogens
H is the number of hydrogen atoms
So, according to the formula,
DBE = 5 - (10/2) - (0/2) + (0/2) +1 = 1
It means there is one double bond or one ring.
from the NMR signal, it is clear that compound has two triplet and two quardrate group that means two -CH3 and two -CH2 groups are present.
From the splitting information, it is clear that each the -CH2- group is next to a -CH3, and vice-versa. In this case ring structure is not possible.
The chemical shift of two protons 4.13 ppm(q, 2H) is for protons next to an O atom, therefore, compound must have
.
Then the signal at 2.33 is for a -CH2-group next to a C=O. So compound must have a structure CH3-CH2-C=O. Now, there is only one way to complete the structure - by bonding the O to the C=O carbon.
So the compound is ethyl propionate
