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bezimeni [28]
3 years ago
9

Toluene, C7H8, is used in the manufacture of explosives such as TNT (trinitrotoluene). A 1.500 g sample of liquid toluene was pl

aced in a bomb calorimeter along with excess oxygen. When the combustion of the toluene was initiated, the temperature of the calorimeter rose from 25.000 °C to 26.413 °C. The products of the combustion were CO2(g) and H2O(l), and the heat capacity of the calorimeter was 45.06 kJ °C−1 . Write the balanced chemical equation for the reation in the calorimeter.
Chemistry
1 answer:
stealth61 [152]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The answer to your question is      C₇H₈  +    9O₂   ⇒   7CO₂  +   4H₂O

Explanation:

Data

Toluene   C₇H₈

mass = 1500 g

Excess Oxygen

Temperature 1 = 25°C

Temperature 2 = 26.413°C

Products CO₂ and H₂O

Heat capacity = 45.06 kJ/°C

Balanced chemical equation

            Toluene  +  Oxygen  ⇒   Carbon dioxide  +  Water

                    C₇H₈  +    O₂   ⇒   CO₂  +   H₂O

                 Reactants       Elements     Products

                        7               Carbon               1

                        8               Hydrogen          2

                        2               Oxygen              3

This reaction is unbalanced

                   C₇H₈  +    9O₂   ⇒   7CO₂  +   4H₂O

                 Reactants       Elements     Products

                        7               Carbon               7

                        8               Hydrogen          8

                       18               Oxygen              18

Now, the reaction is balanced

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C₈H₁₈ is a non-electrolyte

Why?

Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. In order to do that, they need to have bonds that are polar enough to be able to dissociate, and the ions formed need to be soluble in water.

C₈H₁₈ is a compound that has a low electronegativity difference between its atoms, making it to be a covalent compound where electrons are shared, and making it non-polar, and difficult to dissociate. Thus, it is a non-electrolyte.

One possible structure for C₈H₁₈ is attached below. It's called octane.

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