When a metallic element is converted to a positive ion during a chemical reaction with oxygen, the element is said to be?
1 answer:
The metal is being <em>oxidized</em>.
Metals- along with other elements- are neutral and have oxidation state of in their respective elementary states.
Metal atoms can lose electrons to <em>electronegative</em> elements such as oxygen on exposure. Atoms that have lost one or more negatively-charged electrons are no longer neutral and demonstrate a positive charge. Those atoms have converted to positively charged <em>ions</em> or <em>cations</em>.
<em>Oxidation</em> is the process of <em>losing</em> electrons whereas <em>Reduction</em> refers to the process of <em>gaining</em> electrons. "OIL RIG." Metal atoms here lose electrons and are thus oxidized.
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<span>Sulfur Hexachloride
SCl6 So now we count the number of valence electrons each has by seeing what column it's in, (1-8) not counting the columns of the transition metals.
Since Sulfur is in the 6th and Chlorine is in the 7th, and there are 6 chlorines, we can add up all their valence electrons:
6*1+7*6=48 valence electrons.
But remember that electrons come in pairs, either in bonds or as lone pairs. So I usually divide the valence electron number by 2 and just think about placing pairs. It's up to you, but I think it's convenient since we can count "1" in our mind each time we place a bond or a electron pair. So we need to place 24 pairs/bonds.
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and
</span><span>So we made 6 bonds, that means we used up 12 electrons, so if you're counting (AND YOU SHOULD BE!) you have 36 electrons or simply 18 electron pairs left to place. Now let's give chlorine a neutral charge.</span>
(see the figure)
and
</span><span>So we made 6 bonds, that means we used up 12 electrons, so if you're counting (AND YOU SHOULD BE!) you have 36 electrons or simply 18 electron pairs left to place. Now let's give chlorine a neutral charge.</span>