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2 years ago

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Describe how the molecular structures of alkenes and alkynes differ from the structure of alkanes

1 answer:

evablogger [386]2 years ago

4 0

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds, whereas Alkenes and Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bond and triple bonds.

<u>Explanation:</u>

A saturated hydrocarbon with an only single bond is called alkanes. Ethane consisting of two carbon atoms that are bonded with a single bond and six hydrogen atoms sharing the other valence electron of carbon atoms. The molecular structure of alkane is CnH2n+2.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a two bond is called alkenes. Ethene consisting of two carbon atoms double-bonded to each other. The molecular structure of alkene is CnH2n.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a triple bond is called as alkynes. It involves sharing three pairs of electrons. The molecular structure of alkyne is CnH2n-2.

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<h3>How to calculate HDI:</h3>

The hydrogen deficiency index is used to measure the number of degree of unsaturation of an organic compound.

Strigol is an example of an organic compound because it contains carbons and hydrogen.

To calculate the HDI using the molecular formula given (C19H20O6) the formula for HDI is used which is:

$hdi = \frac{1}{2} (2c + 2 + n - h - x)$

where C = number of carbon atoms = 19

n= number of nitrogen atoms = 0

h= number of hydrogen atoms = 20

X = number of halogen atoms = 0

Note that oxygen was not considered because it forms two bonds and has no impact.

There for HDI =

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$\frac{1}{2} \times 20$

HDI = 10

Therefore, the hydrogen deficiency index of strigol is = 10

Learn more about unsaturated compounds here:

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