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dimaraw [331]
3 years ago
12

Describe how the molecular structures of alkenes and alkynes differ from the structure of alkanes

Chemistry
1 answer:
evablogger [386]3 years ago
4 0

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds, whereas Alkenes and Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bond and triple bonds.

<u>Explanation:</u>

  • A saturated hydrocarbon with an only single bond is called alkanes. Ethane consisting of two carbon atoms that are bonded with a single bond and six hydrogen atoms sharing the other valence electron of carbon atoms. The molecular structure of alkane is CnH2n+2.
  • An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a two bond is called alkenes. Ethene consisting of two carbon atoms double-bonded to each other. The molecular structure of alkene is CnH2n.
  • An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a triple bond is called as alkynes. It involves sharing three pairs of electrons. The molecular structure of alkyne is CnH2n-2.
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Furkat [3]

x is the chemical symbol of the element and it must correspond to the atomic number

4 0
2 years ago
Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate Δ H ∘ rxn for each reaction. MISSED THIS? Read Section 7.9; Watch KCV 7.9, IWE
Eva8 [605]

Answer:

Standard Heat of Reaction 1 = -136.2 kJ/mol

Standard Heat of Reaction 2 = -41.166 kJ/mol

Standard Heat of Reaction 3 = -136.07 kJ/mol

Standard Heat of Reaction 4 = 279.448kJ/mol

Explanation:

C₂H₄ (g) + H₂ (g) → C₂H₆ (g)

CO (g) + H₂O (g) → H₂ (g) + CO₂ (g)

3NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → 2HNO₃ (aq) + NO (g)

Cr₂O₃ (s) + 3CO (g) → 2Cr (s) + 3CO₂ (g)

The required standard heat of formation for each of the reactants and product above, as obtained from literature is listed below.

C₂H₄ (g), 52.5 kJ/mol

H₂ (g), 0 kJ/mol

C₂H₆ (g), -83.7 kJ/mol

CO (g), -110.525 kJ/mol

H₂O (g), -241.818 kJ/mol

H₂ (g), 0 kJ/mol

CO₂ (g), -393.509 kJ/mol

NO₂ (g), 33.2 kJ/mol

H₂O (l), -285.8 kJ/mol

HNO₃ (aq), -206.28 kJ/mol

NO (g), 90.29 kJ/mol

Cr₂O₃ (s), -1128.4 kJ/mol

CO (g), -110.525 kJ/mol

Cr (s), 0 kJ/mol

CO₂ (g), -393.509 kJ/mol

Note that

ΔH∘(rxn) = ΔH∘(products) - ΔH∘(reactants)

C₂H₄ (g) + H₂ (g) → C₂H₆ (g)

ΔH∘(rxn) = ΔH∘(products) - ΔH∘(reactants)

ΔH∘(products) = (1×-83.7) = -83.7 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(reactants) = (1×52.5) + (1×0) = 52.5 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(rxn) = -83.7 - 52.5 = -136.2 kJ/mol

CO (g) + H₂O (g) → H₂ (g) + CO₂ (g)

ΔH∘(rxn) = ΔH∘(products) - ΔH∘(reactants)

ΔH∘(products) = (1×0) + (1×-393.509) = -393.509 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(reactants) = (1×-110.525) + (1×-241.818) = -352.343 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(rxn) = -393.509 - (-352.343) = -41.166 kJ/mol

3NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → 2HNO₃ (aq) + NO (g)

ΔH∘(rxn) = ΔH∘(products) - ΔH∘(reactants)

ΔH∘(products) = (2×-206.28) + (1×90.29) = -322.27 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(reactants) = (3×33.2) + (1×-285.8) = -186.2 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(rxn) = -322.27 - (-186.2) = -136.07 kJ/mol

Cr₂O₃ (s) + 3CO (g) → 2Cr (s) + 3CO₂ (g)

ΔH∘(rxn) = ΔH∘(products) - ΔH∘(reactants)

ΔH∘(products) = (2×0) + (3×-393.509) = -1,180.527 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(reactants) = (1×-1128.4) + (3×-110.525) = -1,459.975 kJ/mol

ΔH∘(rxn) = -1,180.527 - (-1,459.975) = 279.448 kJ/mol

Hope this Helps!!!

4 0
2 years ago
How much a material takes time to burn?
Nat2105 [25]

(a)- Time

(b)- Heat produced(i guess)

(c)- Material

this is what I think, hope it helps

5 0
3 years ago
A gas mixture is composed of three different gases. The first gas in the mixture has a pressure of 0.35 atm. The second gas in t
riadik2000 [5.3K]

Answer:

1.20atm

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Partial pressure of gas 1 = 0.35atm

Partial pressure of gas 2  = 0.20atm

Partial pressure of gas 3  = 0.65atm

Unknown:

Total pressure of the gas mixture = ?

Solution:

To solve this problem, we need to recall and understand the Dalton's law of partial pressure.

Dalton's law of partial pressure states that "the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of the constituent gases".

    Total pressure  =Pressure of gas(1 + 2 + 3)

The partial pressure is the pressure a gas would exert if it alone occupied the volume of the gas mixture.

     

Now we substitute;

      Total pressure  = (0.35 + 0.20 + 0.65)atm  = 1.20atm

8 0
2 years ago
Increasing the temperature of the solvent ____________________ the solubility of a solid solute and _______________________ the
Marina86 [1]

Answer:

increase in solvent temperature will increase the solubility of solid particle but decreases the solubility of gas particle.

Explanation:

In solid particle when temperature increases its help to break apart the solid particle and increase in kinetic energy of solvent results in increase in solubility of solid particles in solvent.

but in gas solute, increase in temperature of solvent causes the increase in motion of gas molecules means increase in kinetic energy of molecules in the gas which results in breakage of inter molecular bonds and removal of the molecules from the heated solution.

4 0
2 years ago
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