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3 years ago

What is the formula for momentum?

Physics

1 answer:

olasank [31]3 years ago

8 0

The momentum of any object is (the object's mass) times (its speed).

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Cart A of inertia m has attached to its front end a device that explodes when it hits anything, releasing a quantity of energy E

Leviafan [203]

We need to write down momentum and energy conservation laws, this will give us a system of equation that we can solve to get our final answer. On the right-hand side, I will write term after the collision and on the left-hand side, I will write terms before the collision.
Let's start with energy conservation law:
$\frac{mv^2}{2}+\frac{2mv^2}{2}+0.75E=\frac{mv_{A}^2}{2}+\frac{2mv_{B}^2}{2}$
$\frac{3mv^2}{2}+0.75E=\frac{mv_{A}^2}{2}+mv_{B}^2$
This equation tells us that kinetic energy of two carts before the collision and 3 quarters of explosion energy is beign transfered to kinetic energy of the cart after the collision.
Let's write down momentum conservation law:
$mv+2mv=mv_A+2mv_B\\ 3mv=mv_A+2mv_B\\$
Because both carts have the same mass we can cancel those out:
$3v=v_A+2v_B$
Now we have our system of equation that we have to solve:
$\frac{3mv^2}{2}+0.75E=\frac{mv_{A}^2}{2}+mv_{B}^2\\ 3v=v_A+2v_B$
Part A
We need to solve our system for $v_a$ . We will solve second equation for $v_b$ and then plug that in the first equation.
$3v=v_A+2v_B\\ 3v-v_A=2v_B\\ v_B=\frac{3v-v_A}{2}$
Now we have to plug this in the first equation:
$\frac{3mv^2}{2}+0.75E=\frac{mv_{A}^2}{2}+mv_{B}^2\\v_B=\frac{3v-v_A}{2}\\$
We will multiply the first equation with 2 and divide by m:
$3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=v_{A}^2}+2v_{B}^2\\v_B=\frac{3v-v_A}{2}\\$
Now we plug in the second equation into first one:
$3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=v_{A}^2}+2v_{B}^2\\ 3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=v_{A}^2}+2\frac{(3v-v_A)^2}{4}\\ 3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=v_{A}^2}+\frac{9v^2-6v\cdot v_A+v_{A}^2}{2} /\cdot 2\\ 6v^2+\frac{3E}{m}=2v_{A}^2+9v^2-6v\cdot v_A+v_{A}^2}\\ 3v_A^2-6v\cdot v_a+3(v^2-\frac{E}{m})=0/\cdot\frac{1}{3}\\ v_A^2-3v\cdot v_A+ (v^2-\frac{E}{m})=0$
We end up with quadratic equation that we have to solve, I won't solve it by hand.
Coefficients are:
$a=1\\
b=-6v\\
c=v^2-\frac{E}{m}$
Solutions are:
$v_A=\frac{3v+\sqrt{5v^2+\frac{4E}{m}}}{2},\:v_A=\frac{3v-\sqrt{5v^2+\frac{4E}{m}}}{2}$
Part B
We do the same thing here, but we must express $v_a$ from momentum equation:
$3v=v_A+2v_B\\
v_A=3v-2v_B$
Now we plug this into our energy conservation equation:
$3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=v_{A}^2}+2v_{B}^2\\v_A={3v-v_B}\\
3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=(3v-v_B)^2+2v_B^2\\
3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=9v^2-6v\cdot v_B+v_B^2+2v_B^2\\
3v^2+\frac{3E}{2m}=3v_B^2-6v\cdot v_B+9v^2\\
3v_B^2-6v\cdot v_B+9v^2-3v^2-\frac{3E}{2m}=0\\
3v_B^2-6v\cdot v_B+(6v^2-\frac{3E}{2m})=0
$
Again we end up with quadratic equation. Coefficients are:
$a=3\\
b=-6v\\
c=6v^2-\frac{3E}{2m}$
Solutions are:
$v_B=\frac{6v+\sqrt{-36v^2+\frac{18E}{m}}}{6},\:v_B=\frac{6v-\sqrt{-36v^2+\frac{18E}{m}}}{6}$

8 0

3 years ago

Wagon wheel. While working on your latest novel about settlers crossing the Great Plains in a wagon train, you get into an argum

OverLord2011 [107]

Answer:

I = 16.7kgm²

Explanation:

Since, Torque is given by,

\tau = F*r = I*\alpha

here, I = Moment of inertia = ??

\alpha = angular acceleration of wheel = a/r

F = tangential tension acting on the wheel = T

a = acceleration of bag of sand = 2.95 m/s^2

r = radius of wheel = d/2 = 120/2 = 60 cm = 0.60 m

from force balance on sand bag,

mg - T = m*a

T = m*(g-a)

m = mass of sand bag = 20 kg

So, I = T*r/\alpha = m*(g-a)*r/(a/r)

Using known values:

I = 20*(9.81 - 2.95)*0.60/(2.95/0.60) = 16.74

I = 16.7 kgm² = Moment of inertia of wheel experimentally

also, Moment of inertia of wheel theoretically(I') = M*r²

given, M = mass of wheel = 70 kg

I' = 70*0.60²= 25.2 kgm² = Moment of inertia of wheel theoretically

7 0

3 years ago

In the simplified version of Kepler's third law, P 2 = a3, the units of the orbital period P and the semimajor axis a of the ell

Orlov [11]

Answer:

The units of the orbital period P is years and the units of the semimajor axis a is astronomical units.

Explanation:

P² = a³ is the simplified version of Kepler's third law which governs the orbital motion of large bodies that orbit around a star. The orbit of each planet is an ellipse with the star at the focal point.

Therefore, if you square the year of each planet and divide it by the distance that it is from the star, you will get the same number for all the other planets.

Thus, the units of the orbital period P is years and the units of the semimajor axis a is astronomical units.

8 0

3 years ago

If a car is traveling on the highway at a constant velocity, the force that pushes the car forward must be A. equal to the weigh

Gala2k [10]

the correct answer is c

4 0

4 years ago

The tip of a nail exerts tremendous pressure when hit by a hammer because it exerts a large force over a small area. What force

yanalaym [24]

Answer:

Force, F = 2714.33 N