Explanation:
The hydronium ion concentration can be found from the pH by the reverse of the mathematical operation employed to find the pH. [H3O+] = 10-pH or [H3O+] = antilog (- pH) Example: What is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution that has a pH of 8.34? On a calculator, calculate 10-8.34, or "inverse" log ( - 8.34).
Answer:
the energy of the products is less than the energy of the reactants.
Explanation:
the the change is enthalpy is negative, and heat is released to the surroundings.
Answer:
Covalent, or, elements on the right side of the ladder (on the periodic table). Covalent compounds satisfy the octet rule by sharing electrons.
