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m_a_m_a [10]
2 years ago
7

Phosphorus can be stable with 12 electrons in its valence structure while nitrogen can never have more than 8 electrons in its v

alence shell. Explain this phenomena?
Chemistry
1 answer:
dolphi86 [110]2 years ago
8 0

Here we have explain that the maximum possible electrons present in nitrogen valence shell is 8 whereas in phosphorous 12 valence electrons are present.

Although both nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) belongs to the same series there are several properties which are different between both the element. The number of electrons present in nitrogen is seven which are present in the -s and -p orbitals. The electronic configuration of nitrogen is 1s²2s²2p³. In which the outermost electrons are the valence electrons i.e. 5 valence electrons are present. The maximum orbitals are possible under the principal quantum number 2 are -s and -p orbitals. Now the maximum capacity of the p orbital to contain 6 electrons, as it is half filled in nitrogen another 3 electrons can be incorporated. Thus the maximum number of electrons can be present in nitrogen is 10 among which 8 is the valence electrons.

On the other hand there are 15 electrons in phosphorous the electronic configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³. Now the principal quantum number 3 can have three orbitals -s, -p and -d. So another 13 electrons can be incorporated (3 in -p orbital and 10 in -d orbital) among which upto 12 electrons can be its valence electrons.

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8 0
3 years ago
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What is the relationship between the number of particles in a substance, the number of moles, and the mass of the substance
Vedmedyk [2.9K]

Answer:

One mole of a substance is equal to 6.022 × 10²³ units of that substance (such as atoms, molecules, or ions). The number 6.022 × 10²³ is known as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant. The concept of the mole can be used to convert between mass and number of particles

8 0
3 years ago
Be sure to answer all parts.
MrRissso [65]

Answer: The molarity of each of the given solutions is:

(a) 1.38 M

(b) 0.94 M

(c) 1.182 M

Explanation:

Molarity is the number of moles of a substance present in liter of a solution.

And, moles is the mass of a substance divided by its molar mass.

(a) Moles of ethanol (molar mass = 46 g/mol) is as follows.

Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{28.5 g}{46 g/mol}\\= 0.619 mol

Now, molarity of ethanol solution is as follows.

Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.619 mol}{4.50 \times 10^{2} \times 10^{-3}L}\\= 1.38 M

(b) Moles of sucrose (molar mass = 342.3 g/mol) is as follows.

Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{21.6 g}{342.3 g/mol}\\= 0.063 mol

Now, molarity of sucrose solution is as follows.

Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.063 mol}{0.067 L}  (1 mL = 0.001 L)\\= 0.94 M

(c) Moles of sodium chloride (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) are as follows.

Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{6.65 g}{58.44 g/mol}\\= 0.114 mol

Now, molarity of sodium chloride solution is as follows.

Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.114 mol}{0.0962 L}\\= 1.182 M

Thus, we can conclude that the molarity of each of the given solutions is:

(a) 1.38 M

(b) 0.94 M

(c) 1.182 M

4 0
3 years ago
What is an indicator?
Anna [14]

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7 0
3 years ago
What volume would 2.25 moles of Ne gas occupy at STP?
Dafna1 [17]
As we know that one mole of any Ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure occupies exactly 22.4 dm³ volume.

Solution for problem:

When 1 mole Neon (Ne) occupies 22.4 dm³ at STP then the volume occupied by 2.25 moles of Neon is calculated as,

                                             = ( 22.4 dm³ × 2.25 moles ) ÷ 1 mole
                
                                             = 50.4 dm³                   1dm³ = 1 L

Result:

So
, 50.4 dm³ (Liter) volume will be occupied by 2.25 moles of Neon gas if it acts ideally at STP.
8 0
2 years ago
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