Consider a projectile of mass 20 kg launched with a speed 9 m/s at an elevation angle of 45 degrees. Taking the launch point as
1 answer:
Answer:
a) L=0. b) L = 262 k ^ Kg m²/s and c) L = 1020.7 k^ kg m²/s
Explanation:
It is angular momentum given by
L = r x p
Bold are vectors; where L is the angular momentum, r the position of the particle and p its linear momentum
One of the easiest ways to make this vector product is with the use of determinants
Let's apply this relationship to our case
Let's start by breaking down the speed
v₀ₓ = v₀ cosn 45
voy =v₀ sin 45
v₀ₓ = 9 cos 45
voy = 9 without 45
v₀ₓ = 6.36 m / s
voy = 6.36 m / s
a) at launch point r = 0 whereby L = 0
. b) let's find the position for maximum height, we can use kinematics, at this point the vertical speed is zero
vfy² = voy²- 2 g y
y = voy² / 2g
y = (6.36)²/2 9.8
y = 2.06 m
Let's calculate the angular momentum
L=
L = -px y k ^
L = - (m vox) (2.06) k ^
L = - 20 6.36 2.06 k ^
L = 262 k ^ Kg m² / s
The angular momentum is on the z axis
c) At the point of impact, at this point the height is zero and the position on the x-axis is the range
R = vo² sin 2θ / g
R = 9² sin (2 45) /9.8
R = 8.26 m
L =
L = - x py k ^
L = - x m voy
L = - 8.26 20 6.36 k ^
L = 1020.7 k^ kg m² /s
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Answer:
1) f’₀ / f = 1.10, the relationship between the focal length (f'₀) and the distance to the retina (image) is given by the constructor's equation
2) the two diameters have the same order of magnitude and are very close to each other
Explanation:
You have some problems in the writing of your exercise, we will try to answer.
1) The equation to be used in geometric optics is the constructor equation
where p and q are the distance to the object and the image, respectively, f is the focal length
* For the normal eye and with presbyopia
the object is at infinity (p = inf) and the image is on the retina (q = 15 mm = 1.5 cm)
f'₀ = 1.5 cm
this is the focal length for this type of eye
* Eye with myopia
the distance to the object is p = 15 cm the distance to the image that is on the retina is q = 1.5 cm
1 / f = 1/15 + 1 / 1.5
1 / f = 0.733
f = 1.36 cm
this is the focal length for the myopic eye.
In general, the two focal lengths are related
f’₀ / f = 1.5 / 1.36
f’₀ / f = 1.10
The question of the relationship between the focal length (f'₀) and the distance to the retina (image) is given by the constructor's equation
2) For this second part we have a diffraction problem, the point diameter corresponds to the first zero of the diffraction pattern that is given by the expression for a linear slit
a sin θ= m λ
the first zero occurs for m = 1, as the angles are very small
tan θ = y / f = sin θ / cos θ
for some very small the cosine is 1
sin θ = y / f
where f is the distance of the lens (eye)
y / f = lam / a
in the case of the eye we have a circular slit, therefore the system must be solved in polar coordinates, giving a numerical factor
y / f = 1.22 λ / D
y = 1.22 λ f / D
where D is the diameter of the eye
D = 2R₀
D = 2 0.1
D = 0.2 cm
the eye has its highest sensitivity for lam = 550 10⁻⁹ m (green light), let's use this wavelength for the calculation
* normal eye
the focal length of the normal eye can be accommodated to give a focus on the immobile retian, so let's use the constructor equation
\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q}
sustitute
= 0.7066
f = 1.415 cm
therefore the diffraction is
y = 1.22 550 10⁻⁹ 1.415 / 0.2
y = 4.75 10⁻⁶ m
this is the radius, the diffraction diameter is
d = 2y
d_normal = 9.49 10⁻⁶ m
* myopic eye
In the statement they indicate that the distance to the object is p = 15 cm, the retina is at the same distance, it does not move, q = 1.5 cm
= 0.733
f = 1.36 cm
diffraction is
y = 1.22 550 10-9 1.36 10-2 / 0.2 10--2
y = 4.56 10-6 m
the diffraction diameter is
d_myope = 2y
d_myope = 9.16 10-6 m
= 9.49 /9.16
\frac{d_{normal}}{d_{myope}} = 1.04
we can see that the two diameters have the same order of magnitude and are very close to each other