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postnew [5]
3 years ago
15

Part a use valence bond theory to devise a hybridization and bonding scheme for co2. match the words in the left column to the a

ppropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.

Chemistry
1 answer:
PSYCHO15rus [73]3 years ago
4 0
Q1)
first lets draw the lewis structure for CO₂
C is the central atom with O atom on either side of C
O - C - O
the number of valence electrons around each atom 
C- 4
O - 6
O - 6
total number of valence electrons - 16
number of electron pairs - 16/2 = 8
1 pair is shared between 1 O atom and C and another electron pair is shared between C and other O atom 
that leaves us with 8 -2 = 6 pairs 
add 3 pairs each for O atoms as lone pairs and octets for both O atoms are completed. But in C the octet is not complete yet. So we convert the 2 single bonds between C and O to 2 double bonds on either side. then octet of C is complete. number of lone pairs around O is reduced to 2 lone pairs.
the structure is as follows
  ..            . .
: O = C = O :
to determine the geometry lets use VSEPR
number of valence electrons around C - 4
number of bonds around C (2 O with 2 electrons contributed - 4
total number of electrons - 8
number of electron pairs - 4
VSEPR geometry for 4 pairs with no lone pairs is linear geometry

1. The lewis structure for CO₂ has a central carbon atom attached to oxygen atoms through two double bonds.

2. Carbon dioxide has a linear electron geometry

3. Carbon atom is sp hybridized.

4. Carbon dioxide has two <span>C(p)-O(p)</span> π bonds and two O(sp²)-C(sp) sigma bonds.
the geometry of CO₂ linear means its sp hybridised where each orbital has 50% s and 50% p character. One s orbital and one p orbital have mixed and form 2 sp orbitals. the remaining p orbitals take part in π bonds and sp orbitals take part in sigma bonding. So between C and O there's one sigma bond and one pi bond. Altogether 2 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds.
O has 3 sp² orbitals with 2 of them being lone pair orbitals. One sp² orbital bonds with sp orbital of C forming a sigma bond. the other p orbital of O bonds with p orbital of C forming a pi bond.

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Explanation:

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the correct combo is C

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The rate constant for the decomposition of nitrogen dioxide NO2(g) LaTeX: \longrightarrow⟶ NO (g) + 1/2 O2(g) with a laser beam
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Answer :

The time taken by the reaction is 19.2 seconds.

The order of reaction is, second order reaction.

Explanation :

The general formula to determine the unit of rate constant is:

(Concentration)^{(1-n)}(Time)^{-1}

Unit of rate constant                           Order of reaction

Concentration/Time                                        0

Time^{-1}                                                              1

(Concentration)^{-1}Time^{-1}                                 2

As the unit of rate constant is M^{-1}min^{-1}. So, the order of reaction is second order.

The expression used for second order kinetics is:

kt=\frac{1}{[A_t]}-\frac{1}{[A_o]}

where,

k = rate constant = 1.95M^{-1}s^{-1}

t = time = ?

[A_t] = final concentration = 0.97 M

[A_o] = initial concentration = 2.48 M

Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get:

1.95\times t=\frac{1}{0.97}-\frac{1}{2.48}

t=0.32min=0.32\times 60s=19.2s

Therefore, the time taken by the reaction is 19.2 seconds.

8 0
2 years ago
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