The question can be changed into a new form:
Which element has the most negative electron affinity, or attraction for electrons? halogens have the highest electron affinities, and thus are more attracted to the electrons in the Hydrogen atom than any element in their respective periods.
In this case all the following choices are in the same period, thus Cl or Chlorine is the answer as it is a halogen.
<span>As we know through the principle of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Therefore, the energy removed from the water in order to make it freeze is absorbed by the surroundings. This is why the surroundings in which freezing is taking place are below freezing. This is more easily illustrated in the example of condensation. If you were to hold a plate over a pot of boiling water, some of the water would give its energy to the plate and condense on its surface.</span>
Answer: (C) Dissolution is the process by which a solute form a solution in a solvent.
Explanation: Dissolution can be described as the process by which a solute dissolves in a solvent to give a solvent.
The solute may be a solid, liquid or gas and solvent is usually a liquid but can also be liquid, gas or supercritical fluid. The most common solvent is water and it is referred to as the universal solvent.
Example are:
1.Stirring of sugar in water.
In this case the solute is the sugar and the solvent is water.
2.Organic substances dissolves readily in solvent like kerosene and benzene and they are known as non-polar solvent while the organic substances are the solute
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A) At pH=1
This pH is lower than the value for the pKa, so Acetic acid wouldn't be ionized, but the equilibrium would be displaced to
CH₃COOHCH₃COOH ⇄ CH₃COO⁻ + H₃O⁺ (equilibrium displaced to the
left)
The chemical structure for CH₃COOH is the first one in the attached images.
B) At pH=7
This pH is higher than the value for the pKa, so Acetic acid would be ionized, and the equilibrium would be displaced to
CH₃COO⁻
CH₃COOH ⇄ CH₃COO⁻ + H₃O⁺ (equilibrium displaced to the
right)
The chemical structure for CH₃COO⁻ is the second one in the attached images.
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The anion<span> is also </span>larger than<span> the </span>atom<span> because of </span>electron-electron repulsion<span>. As more </span>electrons are<span> added to the </span>outer shell<span>, and even to </span>higher<span> principle energy levels, the </span>repulsion<span> bewteen the negatively charged particles grows, pushing the </span>shells<span> farther from the nucleus.</span>
