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3 years ago

Will these changes increase, decrease, or have no effect on the mean free path of the molecules in a gas sample?

1 answer:

lisabon 2012 [21]3 years ago

6 0

According to the kinetic theory, the mean free path is the average distance a single atom or molecule of an element or compound travels with respect with the other atoms during a collision. The greater the mean free path, the more ideal the behavior of a gas molecule is because intermolecular forces are minimum. To understand which factors affect the mean free path, the equation is written below.

l = μ/P * √(πkT/2m), where
l is the mean free path
μ is the viscosity of the fluid
P is the pressure
k is the Boltzmann's constant
T is the absolute temperature
m is the molar mass

So, here are the general effects of the factors on the mean free path:

Mean free path increases when:
1. The fluid is viscous (↑μ)
2. At low pressures (↓P)
3. At high temperatures (↑T)
4. Very light masses (↓m)

The opposite is also true for when the mean free path decreases. Factors that are not found here have little or no effect.

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A. Explain, in terms of particles, why NaCl(s) does not conduct electricity.

yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

Ionic bonds hold charged particles in solid NaCl together, such that they are unable to move or conduct electricity.

Explanation:

Consider an electric current that flows through a conductor: charge moves in a uniform direction from one end of the conductor towards the other.

Thus, there are two conditions for a substance to conduct electricity:

The substance shall contain charged particles, and
These charged particles shall be free to move across the substance.

A conductor of electricity shall meet both requirements.

Now, consider the structure of solid NaCl $\rm NaCl\;(s)$ . NaCl is an ionic compound. It contains an ocean of oppositely charged ions:

Positive $\rm Na^{+}$ ions, and
Negative $\rm Cl^{-}$ ions.

Ions carry charge. Thus, solid NaCl contains charged particles and satisfies the first condition.

Inside solid NaCl $\rm NaCl\;(s)$ , electrostatic attractions ("ionic bonds") between the oppositely charged ions hold these ions in rigid ionic lattices. These ions are unable to move relative to each other. As a result, they cannot flow through the solid to conduct electricity. Under solid state, NaCl is unable to satisfy the second condition.

As a side note, melting NaCl into a liquid breaks the ionic bonds and free the ions from the lattice. Liquid NaCl is a conductor of electricity.

8 0

2 years ago

Question 4 Calculate the nlass of 7.1 x 1024 formula units of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH),.

faust18 [17]

its me again this is how you find the answer. note: i dont have the periodic table to see the exact atomic mass to find the molar mass however this is the answer:

so the actual formula is Mg(OH) with a 2 as a subscript because there are 2 Mg. so with Mg(OH)2 the Molar mass is 58.32g/mol. 58.32 g/mol x 7.1x1024 = 4.1x1026g

6 0

2 years ago

How much 10.0 M HNO must be added to 1.00 L of a buffer that is 0.0100 M acetic acid and 0.100 M sodium acetate to reduce the pH

Naya [18.7K]

Explanation:

It is given that molarity of acetic acid = 0.0100 M

Therefore, moles of acetic acid = molarity of acetic acid × volume of buffer

Moles of acetic acid = 0.0100 M × 1.00 L

= 0.0100 mol

Similarly, moles of acetate = molarity of sodium acetat × volume of buffer

= 0.100 mol

When $HNO_{3}$ is added, it will convert acetate to acetic acid.

Hence, new moles acetic acid = (initial moles acetic acid) + (moles $HNO_{3}$ )

= 0.0100 mol + x

New moles of sodium acetate = (initial moles acetate) - (moles $HNO_{3}$ )

= 0.100 mol - x

According to Henderson - Hasselbalch equation,

pH = $pK_{a} + log\frac{[conjugate base]}{[weak acid]}$

pH = $pKa + log\frac{(new moles of sodium acetate)}{(new moles of acetic acid)}$

4.95 = 4.75 + $log\frac{(0.100 mol - x)}{(0.0100 mol + x)}$

$log\frac{(0.100 mol - x)}{(0.0100 mol + x)}$ = 4.95 - 4.75

= 0.20

$\frac{(0.100 mol - x)}{(0.0100 mol + x)}$ = antilog (0.20)

= 1.6

Hence, x = 0.032555 mol

Therefore, moles of $HNO_{3}$ = 0.032555 mol

volume of $HNO_{3}$ = $\frac{moles HNO_{3}}{molarity of HNO_{3}}$

= $\frac{0.032555 mol}{10.0 M}$

= 0.0032555 L

or, = 3.25 (as 1 L = 1000 mL)

Thus, we can conclude that volume of $HNO_{3}$ added is 3.26 mL.

5 0

2 years ago

Why are places on hills unsafe during thunderstorms?

N76 [4]

Places on hills are unsafe during thunderstorm as there are more chances of landslide. Also lightning tends to strike the highest point. As hills are at highest point so lightning tends to strike here and also there are chances that hills could turn into water run offs and steam too during thunderstorm. So all these makes hilly areas unsafe during thunderstorm .

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

If sulfur 34 undergoes alpha decay, what will it become?

Helga [31]

Hey there,

Question :If sulfur 34 undergoes alpha decay, what will it become?

Answer: It becomes silicon-30.

Hope this helps :))

~Top♥

8 0

3 years ago