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jok3333 [9.3K]
3 years ago
6

For this question, the "entropy term" refers to "-TΔS". Addition reactions are generally favorable at low temperatures because _

_______.
Chemistry
1 answer:
nata0808 [166]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Lowering the temperature typically reduces the significance of the decrease in entropy. That makes the Gibbs Free energy of the reaction more negative. As a result, the reaction becomes more favorable overall.  

Explanation:

In an addition reaction there's a decrease in the number of particles. Consider the hydrogenation of ethene as an example.

\rm H_2C\text{=}CH_2\; (g) + H_2\; (g) \stackrel{\text{Ni}^\ast}{\to} H_3C\text{-}CH_3\; (g).

When \rm H_2 is added to \rm H_2C\text{=}CH_2 (ethene) under heat and with the presence of a catalyst, \rm H_3C\text{-}CH3 (ethane) would be produced.

Note that on the left-hand side of the equation, there are two gaseous molecules. However, on the right-hand side there's only one gaseous molecule. That's a significant decrease in entropy. In other words, \Delta S < 0.

The equation for the change in Gibbs Free Energy for a particular reaction is:

\Delta G = \Delta H + (\underbrace{- T \, \Delta S}_{\text{entropy}\atop \text{term}}).

For a particular reaction, the more negative \Delta G is, the more spontaneous ("favorable") the reaction would be.

Since typically \Delta S < 0 for addition reactions, the "entropy term" of it would be positive. That's not very helpful if the reaction needs to be favorable.

T (absolute temperature) is always nonnegative. However, lowering the temperature could help bring the value of

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Benzene contains six carbon atoms bonded in a ring. which best describes these bonds?
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This is the effect named resonance and thas is why the molecule of benzene instead of being represented with some three single bonds and three doble bonds is represented with a circle (a ring) inside the molecule which represents an intermediate kind of bond shares by all the carbon atoms.

This structure was discovered (literally dreames as some texts tell) by Kekulé. 

 


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3 years ago
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Answer:

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2 years ago
The mole fraction of CO2 in a certain solution with H2O as the solvent is 3.6 × 10−4. What is the approximate molality of CO2 in
nataly862011 [7]

Answer: C) 0.020 m

Explanation:

Molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per kg of the solvent.

Molality=\frac{n\times 1000}{W_s}

where,

n = moles of solute  

W_s = weight of solvent in g  

Mole fraction of CO_2 is = 3.6\times 10^{-4} i.e.3.6\times 10^{-4}  moles of CO_2 is present in 1 mole of solution.

Moles of solute (CO_2) = 3.6\times 10^{-4}

moles of solvent (water) = 1 - 3.6\times 10^{-4} = 0.99

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