Test:
Performing a Litmus Test
Result:
Litmus paper gives the user a general indication of acidity or alkalinity as it correlates to the shade of red or blue that the paper turns.
- To test the pH of a substance, dip a strip of litmus paper into the solution or use a dropper or pipette to drip a small amount of solution onto the litmus paper.
- Blue litmus paper can indicate an acid with a pH between 4 and 5 or lower.
- Red litmus paper can show a base with a pH greater than 8.
- If a solution has a pH between 5 and 8, it will show little color change on the litmus paper.
- A base tested with blue litmus paper will not show any color change, nor will an acid tested with red litmus paper register a change in color.
Kepler derived his three laws of planetary motion entirely from
observations of the planets and their motions in the sky.
Newton published his law of universal gravitation almost a hundred
years later. Using some calculus and some analytic geometry, which
any serious sophomore in an engineering college should be able to do,
it can be shown that IF Newton's law of gravitation is correct, then it MUST
lead to Kepler's laws. Gravity, as Newton described it, must make the planets
in their orbits behave exactly as they do.
This demonstration is a tremendous boost for the work of both Kepler
and Newton.
Use the eq. of Young modulus Y=(F/A)/(∆l/lo)
dimana ∆l is the elongation of wire, lo is its initial length.
So ∆l = (F/A)lo/Y.
∆l = (1000N/(6.5 × 10^-7 m^2))×(2.5m)/(2.0 × 10^-11 N/m^2)
Use calculator to finish it.
