The moon is made up mostly of Silicates, hope this answer helps.
Hi, time is independent variable. It's stands alone and isn't change by anything.
Temperature is dependant variable (depends on time)
I'm not accurately sure if you're asking for why the bulb of a thermometer is in a cylindrical shape. So let me continue. The shape of the which is thin and cylindrical in the shape is the increase of the effect of mercury in the tube to rise and fall depending on the contact temperature.
Direction of resultant force in circular motion is directed towards the center of the circle. Hence vector B is the direction of the resultant force.