1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
11111nata11111 [884]
3 years ago
9

18 An important environmental consideration is the appropriate disposal of cleaning solvents. An environmental waste treatment c

ompany analysed a cleaning solvent, J, and found it to contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine only. The chemical composition of J was determined using different analytical chemistry techniques. Combustion reaction: Combustion of 1.30 g of J gave 0.872 g CO2 and 0.089 g H2O. Precipitation reaction with AgNO3(aq): 0.535 g of J gave 1.75 g AgCl precipitate. (a) Determine the percentage by mass of carbon and hydrogen in J, using the combustion data. (3) (b) Determine the percentage by mass of chlorine in J, using the precipitation data. (1) (c) The molar mass was determined to be 131.38 g mol–1. Deduce the molecular formula of J.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Katyanochek1 [597]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a) Percentage by mass of carbon: 18.3%

   Percentage by mass of hydrogen: 0.77%

b)  Percentage by mass of chlorine: 80.37%

c) Molecular formula: C_{2} H Cl_{3}

Explanation:

Firstly, the mass of carbon must be determined by using a conversion factor:

0.872g CO _{2} *\frac{12g C}{44g CO_{2} } = 0.238g CO_{2}

The same process is used to calculate the amount of hydrogen:

0.089g H_{2}O*\frac{2g H}{18g H_{2}O }  = 0.010g H

The percentage by mass of carbon and hydrogen are calculated as follows:

%C\frac{0.238g}{1.3g} *100%= 18.3%

%H\frac{0.010g}{1.3g} *100%=0.77%

From the precipation data it is possible obtain the amount of chlorine present in the compound:

1.75 AgCl*\frac{35.45g Cl}{143.45g AgCl}= 0.43g AgCl

Let's calculate the percentage by mass of chlorine:

%Cl=\frac{0.43g}{0.535g} * 100%= 80.37%

Assuming that we have 100g of the compound, it is possible to determine the number of moles of each element in the compound:

18.3g C*\frac{1mol C}{12g C} = 1.52mol C

0.77g H*\frac{1mol H}{1g H} = 0.77mol H

80.37gCl*\frac{1molCl}{35.45g Cl} = 2.27mol Cl

Dividing each of the quantities above by the smallest (0.77mol), the  subscripts in a tentative formula would be

C=\frac{1.52}{0.77} = 1.97 ≈ 2

H = \frac{0.77}{0.77} = 1

Cl =\frac{2.27}{0.77}=2.94≈3

The empirical formula for the compound is:

C_{2} H Cl_{3}

The mass of this empirical formula is:

mass of C + mass of H + mass of Cl= 24g +1+ 106.35 =131.35g

This mass matches with the molar mass, which means that the supscript in the molecular formula are the same of the empirical one.

You might be interested in
Using the Bohr model, determine the energy, in joules, necessary to ionize a ground-state hydrogen atom. Show your calculations.
lord [1]

Answer:

The energy required to ionize the ground-state hydrogen atom is 2.18 x 10^-18 J or 13.6 eV.

Explanation:

To find the energy required to ionize ground-state hydrogen atom first we calculate the wavelength of photon required for this operation.

It is given by Bohr's Theory as:

1/λ = Rh (1/n1² - 1/n2²)

where,

λ = wavelength of photon

n1 = initial state = 1 (ground-state of hydrogen)

n2 = final state = ∞ (since, electron goes far away from atom after ionization)

Rh = Rhydberg's Constant = 1.097 x 10^7 /m

Therefore,

1/λ = (1.097 x 10^7 /m)(1/1² - 1/∞²)

λ = 9.115 x 10^-8 m = 91.15 nm

Now, for energy (E) we know that:

E = hc/λ

where,

h = Plank's Constant = 6.625 x 10^-34 J.s

c = speed of light = 3 x 10^8 m/s

Therefore,

E = (6.625 x 10^-34 J.s)(3 x 10^8 m/s)/(9.115 x 10^-8 m)

<u>E = 2.18 x 10^-18 J</u>

E = (2.18 x 10^-18 J)(1 eV/1.6 x 10^-19 J)

<u>E = 13.6 eV</u>

5 0
3 years ago
Astatine, At, is below iodine in Group 17 of the Periodic Table. Which statement is most likely to be correct?
Sphinxa [80]
The answer is A hope this helps
8 0
2 years ago
An important industrial route to extremely pure acetic acid is the reaction of methanol with carbon monoxide:
Nastasia [14]

The reaction has had a heat that is enthalpy of -22 kJ/mol. The exothermic process has been signaled by the negative sign.

The amount of energy that the system absorbs or releases to create the products is described as the heat of reaction.

The source of the reaction's heat is

H is equal to 3(413 Kj/mol) + 358 Kj/mol + 467 Kj/mol + 1070 Kj/mol = 3134 Kj/mol.

H prod equals 3(413 kj/mol) plus 347 kj/mol plus 358 kj/mol plus 467 kj/mol plus 745 kj/mol, or 3156 kj/mol.

H=3134 kj/mol - 3156 kj/mol = -22 Kj/mol

Negative findings point to an exothermic response.

A chemical process known as an exothermic reaction releases energy in the form of heat or light.

Learn more about exothermic reaction here-

brainly.com/question/10373907

#SPJ4

7 0
1 year ago
At stp which gas will diffuse more readily than ne
pav-90 [236]
I am assuming you are talking about Neon. The rate of diffusion is directly proportional to the molar mass of the gas. Since neon has a molar mass of 20.18 grams, the gas must have a lower molar mass and must be a gas at 273 Kelvin. There are several elements that fulfill this criteria: Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Fluorine. 
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is added to solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
SashulF [63]

Answer:

NaOH and HCl

Explanation:

The reaction of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, with hydrochloric acid, HCl, produces NaCl and water.

5 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • How many molecules of ethanol (c2h5oh) (the alcohol in alcoholic beverages) are present in 140 ml of ethanol? the density of eth
    8·1 answer
  • Which is an example of an element? A) salt (NaCl) B) water (H20) C) silver (Ag) D) electron (e-)
    6·2 answers
  • The Lewis structure of an oxygen atom should have _____________ dots drawn around the symbol .The Lewis structure of a calcium a
    11·1 answer
  • If an atom has 6 valence electrons, how many electrons does it need to gain to achieve a stable electron configuration?
    12·2 answers
  • A scientist is interested in comparing the age of a rock with other rocks. What is the scientist determining by doing this?
    6·2 answers
  • Is Kl covalent or ionic?
    6·1 answer
  • Between sour soup,melting of candle wax,rusting, and burning which is not a chemical reaction
    15·2 answers
  • A sample of limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) is heated at 950 K until it is completely converted to calcium oxide (CaO) and
    13·1 answer
  • Give the characteristics of a strong acid:
    8·2 answers
  • Choose one side of the debate below, and form a brief argument supporting that side.
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!