Energy transfer by waves: two primary modes = (electromagnetic waves, compression/transverse waves propagating through a medium)
1) electromagnetic waves:
Using a particle model for the wave (photons for light), energy transfer is similar to that by discrete moving object -- particles carry the energy from one place to another in the absence of a medium.
Energy delivery: discrete moving object uses inertia and momentum to transfer the energy from itself to the target. Photons are massless, so the energy delivery mechanism must be different.
2) compression/transverse waves propagating through a medium:
Energy passes through the medium with little to no net flow of the medium itself. In transverse water waves, when the energy wave passes by, to first order, the water particles move in vertical circular paths. This is different from energy transfer by a moving object in that the moving object must displace itself to the target position in order to deliver the energy -- resulting in a net flow of object material.
Gravity pulls on the object in the downward direction. The normal force to the inclined plane points in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the plane. Then for the object to be at rest, the frictional force must act parallel to the inclined plane, pointing in the upward direction.
Answer:
Speed of water at the top of fall = 5.40 m/s
Explanation:
We have equation of motion

Here final velocity, v = 26 m/s
a = acceleration due to gravity

displacement, s = 33 m
Substituting

Speed of water at the top of fall = 5.40 m/s
If you have a string that is fixed on both ends the amplitude of the oscillation must be zero at the beginning and the end of the string. Take a look at the pictures I have attached. It is clear that our fundamental harmonic will have the wavelength of:

All the higher harmonics are just multiples of the fundamental:

Three longest wavelengths are: