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3 years ago

Determine the concentration of a solution made by dissolving 1.40grams NaCL in enough water to make 30.0mL of solution.

Chemistry

1 answer:

KiRa [710]3 years ago

3 0

Answer: 0.8M

Explanation:

Given that,

Amount of moles of NaCl (n) = ?

Mass of NaCl in grams = 1.40 g

For molar mass of NaCl, use the molar masses:

Sodium, Na = 23g;

Chlorine, Cl = 35.5g

NaCl = (23g + 35.5g)

= 58.5g/mol

Since, amount of moles = mass in grams / molar mass

n = 1.40g / 58.5g/mol

n = 0.024 mole

Now, given that:

Amount of moles of NaCl (n) = 0.024

Volume of NaCl solution (v) = 30.0mL

[Convert 30.0mL to liters

If 1000 mL = 1L

30.0mL = 30.0/1000 = 0.03L]

Concentration of NaCl solution (c) = ?

Since concentration (c) is obtained by dividing the amount of solute dissolved by the volume of solvent, hence

c = n / v

c = 0.024 mole / 0.03 L

c = 0.8 M (0.8M means concentration is in moles per litres)

Thus, the concentration of the solution is 0.8M

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The standard reduction potentials of the following half-reactions are given in Appendix E in the textbook:

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Answer:

For 1: The largest positive cell potential is of cell having 1st and 4th half reactions.

For 2: The standard electrode potential of the cell is 1.539 V

For 3: The smallest positive cell potential is of cell having 3rd and 4th half reactions. The standard electrode potential of the cell is 0.46 V

Explanation:

The substance having highest positive $E^o$ potential will always get reduced and will undergo reduction reaction.

We are given:

$Ag^++(aq.)+e^-\rightarrow Ag(s);E^o_{Ag^+/Ag}=0.799V\\\\Cu^{2+}+(aq.)+2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s);E^o_{Cu^{2+}/Cu}=0.337V\\\\Ni^{2+}(aq.)+2e^-\rightarrow Ni(s);E^o_{Ni^{2+}/Ni}=-0.28V\\\\Cr^{3+}(aq.)+3e^-\rightarrow Cr(s);E^o_{Cr^{3+}/Cr}=-0.74V$

Substance getting oxidized always act as anode and the one getting reduced always act as cathode.

To calculate the $E^o_{cell}$ of the reaction, we use the equation:

$E^o_{cell}=E^o_{cathode}-E^o_{anode}$

Cell having 1st and 2nd half reactions:

Silver has higher electrode potential. So, this will undergo reduction reaction and act as anode. Copper will undergo oxidation reaction and act as cathode.

$E^o_{cell}=0.799-0.337=0.462V$

Cell having 1st and 3rd half reactions:

Silver has higher electrode potential. So, this will undergo reduction reaction and act as anode. Nickel will undergo oxidation reaction and act as cathode.

$E^o_{cell}=0.799-(-0.28)=1.079V$

Cell having 1st and 4th half reactions:

Silver has higher electrode potential. So, this will undergo reduction reaction and act as anode. Chromium will undergo oxidation reaction and act as cathode.

$E^o_{cell}=0.799-(-0.74)=1.539V$

Cell having 2nd and 3rd half reactions:

Copper has higher electrode potential. So, this will undergo reduction reaction and act as anode. Nickel will undergo oxidation reaction and act as cathode.

$E^o_{cell}=0.337-(-0.28)=0.617V$

Cell having 3rd and 4th half reactions:

Nickel has higher electrode potential. So, this will undergo reduction reaction and act as anode. Chromium will undergo oxidation reaction and act as cathode.

$E^o_{cell}=-0.28-(-0.74)=0.46V$

Hence,

For 1: The largest positive cell potential is of cell having 1st and 4th half reactions.

For 2: The standard electrode potential of the cell is 1.539 V

For 3: The smallest positive cell potential is of cell having 3rd and 4th half reactions. The standard electrode potential of the cell is 0.46 V

8 0

3 years ago