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Alex17521 [72]
3 years ago
15

Which layer of the earth includes the ozone layer

Physics
1 answer:
Rus_ich [418]3 years ago
7 0
Troposphere is the answer
You might be interested in
A circular ring with area 4.45 cm2 is carrying a current of 13.5 A. The ring, initially at rest, is immersed in a region of unif
Gwar [14]

Answer:

a) ( 0.0015139 i^ + 0.0020185 j^ + 0.00060556 k^ ) N.m

b) ΔU = -0.000747871 J

c)  w = 47.97 rad / s

Explanation:

Given:-

- The area of the circular ring, A = 4.45 cm^2

- The current carried by circular ring, I = 13.5 Amps

- The magnetic field strength, vec ( B ) = (1.05×10−2T).(12i^+3j^−4k^)

- The magnetic moment initial orientation, vec ( μi ) = μ.(−0.8i^+0.6j^)  

- The magnetic moment final orientation, vec ( μf ) = -μ k^

- The inertia of ring, T = 6.50×10^−7 kg⋅m2

Solution:-

- First we will determine the magnitude of magnetic moment ( μ ) from the following relation:

                    μ = N*I*A

Where,

           N: The number of turns

           I : Current in coil

           A: the cross sectional area of coil

- Use the given values and determine the magnitude ( μ ) for a single coil i.e ( N = 1 ):

                    μ = 1*( 13.5 ) * ( 4.45 / 100^2 )

                    μ = 0.0060075 A-m^2

- From definition the torque on the ring is the determined from cross product of the magnetic moment vec ( μ ) and magnetic field strength vec ( B ). The torque on the ring in initial position:

             vec ( τi ) = vec ( μi ) x vec ( B )

              = 0.0060075*( -0.8 i^ + 0.6 j^ ) x 0.0105*( 12 i^ + 3 j^ -4 k^ )

              = ( -0.004806 i^ + 0.0036045 j^ ) x ( 0.126 i^ + 0.0315 j^ -0.042 k^ )

- Perform cross product:

          \left[\begin{array}{ccc}i&j&k\\-0.004806&0.0036045&0\\0.126&0.0315&-0.042\end{array}\right]  = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}-0.00015139\\-0.00020185\\-0.00060556\end{array}\right] \\\\

- The initial torque ( τi ) is written as follows:

           vec ( τi ) = ( 0.0015139 i^ + 0.0020185 j^ + 0.00060556 k^ )

           

- The magnetic potential energy ( U ) is the dot product of magnetic moment vec ( μ ) and magnetic field strength vec ( B ):

- The initial potential energy stored in the circular ring ( Ui ) is:

          Ui = - vec ( μi ) . vec ( B )

          Ui =- ( -0.004806 i^ + 0.0036045 j^ ) . ( 0.126 i^ + 0.0315 j^ -0.042 k^ )

          Ui = -[( -0.004806*0.126 ) + ( 0.0036045*0.0315 ) + ( 0*-0.042 )]

          Ui = - [(-0.000605556 + 0.00011)]

          Ui = 0.000495556 J

- The final potential energy stored in the circular ring ( Uf ) is determined in the similar manner after the ring is rotated by 90 degrees with a new magnetic moment orientation ( μf ) :

          Uf = - vec ( μf ) . vec ( B )

          Uf = - ( -0.0060075 k^ ) . ( 0.126 i^ + 0.0315 j^ -0.042 k^ )

          Uf = - [( 0*0.126 ) + ( 0*0.0315 ) + ( -0.0060075*-0.042 ) ]

          Uf = -0.000252315 J

- The decrease in magnetic potential energy of the ring is arithmetically determined:

          ΔU = Uf - Ui

          ΔU = -0.000252315 - 0.000495556  

          ΔU = -0.000747871 J

Answer: There was a decrease of ΔU = -0.000747871 J of potential energy stored in the ring.

- We will consider the system to be isolated from any fictitious forces and gravitational effects are negligible on the current carrying ring.

- The conservation of magnetic potential ( U ) energy in the form of Kinetic energy ( Ek ) is valid for the given application:

                Ui + Eki = Uf + Ekf

Where,

             Eki : The initial kinetic energy ( initially at rest ) = 0

             Ekf : The final kinetic energy at second position

- The loss in potential energy stored is due to the conversion of potential energy into rotational kinetic energy of current carrying ring.    

               -ΔU = Ekf

                0.5*T*w^2 = -ΔU

                w^2 = -ΔU*2 / T

Where,

                w: The angular speed at second position

               w = √(0.000747871*2 / 6.50×10^−7)

              w = 47.97 rad / s

6 0
3 years ago
How is velocity different from speed? Based on distance and/or direction
Mnenie [13.5K]

Answer:

Speed is solved with time and distance but has no direction

Average velocity is solved with Δx/Δt and has a direction

6 0
2 years ago
What is the equation for force
Basile [38]
The equation is F=ma :)
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
An electron with a charge of -1.6 × 10-19 coulombs experiences a field of 1.4 × 105 newtons/coulomb. What is the magnitude of th
neonofarm [45]

Answer:

Electric force, F=2.24\times 10^{-14}\ N

Explanation:

It is given that,

Charge on an electron is -1.6\times 10^{-19}\ C

Electric field, E=1.4\times 10^5\ N/m

We need to find the magnitude of the electric force on this electron due to this field. The electric force is given by :

F=qE\\\\F=1.6\times 10^{-19}\times 1.4\times 10^5\\\\F=2.24\times 10^{-14}\ N

So, the electric force is 2.24\times 10^{-14}\ N.

6 0
3 years ago
The energy produced by the internal motion of atoms? electrical , thermal, chemical, nuclear
alekssr [168]

Answer:

Thermal energy, or heat, is the energy that comes from the movement of atoms and molecules in a substance. Heat increases when these particles move faster. Geothermal energy is the thermal energy in the earth. Motion energy is energy stored in the movement of objects. so the answer is thermal energy

6 0
3 years ago
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