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skelet666 [1.2K]
2 years ago
14

The particle, initially at rest, is acted upon only by the electric force and moves from point a to point b along the x axis, in

creasing its kinetic energy by 4.80×10−19 JJ . In what direction and through what potential difference Vb−VaVb−Va does the particle move?
Physics
1 answer:
bezimeni [28]2 years ago
8 0

1) Potential difference: 1 V

2) V_b-V_a = -1 V

Explanation:

1)

When a charge moves in an electric field, its electric potential energy is entirely converted into kinetic energy; this change in electric potential energy is given by

\Delta U=q\Delta V

where

q is the charge's magnitude

\Delta V is the potential difference between the initial and final position

In this problem, we have:

q=4.80\cdot 10^{-19}Cis the magnitude of the charge

\Delta U = 4.80\cdot 10^{-19}J is the change in kinetic energy of the particle

Therefore, the potential difference (in magnitude) is

\Delta V=\frac{\Delta U}{q}=\frac{4.80\cdot 10^{-19}}{4.80\cdot 10^{-19}}=1 V

2)

Here we have to evaluate the direction of motion of the particle.

We have the following informations:

- The electric potential increases in the +x direction

- The particle is positively charged and moves from point a to b

Since the particle is positively charged, it means that it is moving from higher potential to lower potential (because a positive charge follows the direction of the electric field, so it moves away from the source of the field)

This means that the final position b of the charge is at lower potential than the initial position a; therefore, the potential difference must be negative:

V_b-V_a = - 1V

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