Explanation:
Step1
Strength is the maximum stress induces in the material under applied load condition. More the strength more will be ability to sustain load. Strength can be measured from tensile test. It has same unit as stress. Generally ductile material has more strength as compare to brittle material.
Step2
Hardness is the resistance to scratch on the material under given load condition. More the hardness more will be the resistance towards scratching of material. Hardness can be measured by Rockwell or Birnell hardness test. This property of metal is opposite to the strength.
Step3
Toughness is the ability to absorb energy under given loading condition up to its fracture point. It is a type of strain energy that is stored in the metal. Generally ductile metal has more toughness as compare to brittle.
Answer:
Explanation:
Engineering Stress is defined as Load applied to the original cross-sectional area which we have taken in the start.
True stress is defined as the load divided by area of cross-section of specimen at that instant.
Engineering stress and true stress can be expressed by relation
Where
Answer:
Merchandisers are the key persons in apparel business. They work as a bridge between buyer and seller. Merchandisers have to do various tasks from order execution to final dispatch. Developing Lab dip is one of the primary jobs for a merchandiser to start an order execution. They need to run for lab dip approval. Though this would be an easy task, sometimes big mistakes may occur. They have to do different fabric tests as buyer required. In this article I will briefly described different types of fabric test are completed by garment merchandisers.
It is necessary to validate the information that the mill or manufacturer gives you. This is normally done by having fabric tested by an accredited testing house (internationally recognized) either in the country of manufacturer or locally in your head office. Some companies have their own equipment and employ qualified fabric technicians to carry out the testing at their headquarters. When using an accredited testing house, it will not matter in which country the test is done, because the test has to be carried out to the agreed method, and no matter which country does the test, it will be done in exactly the same way. As the fabric construction is such an important part of the garment, when finalized, the fiber composition, weight, and yarn count should be added to your contract with the supplier.
The testing house will give you guidance on the result you should be achieving and the method that you should be using.
Answer:
Circular tube
Explanation:
Now for better understanding lets take an example
Lets take
Diameter of solid bar= 
cm
Outer diameter of tube =6 cm
Inner diameter of tube=2 cm
So from we can say that both tubes have equal cross sectional area.
We know that buckling load is given as 
If area moment of inertia(I) is high then buckling load will be high.
We know that area moment of inertia(I)
For circular tube 
For circular bar 
Now by putting the values
For circular tube 
For circular bar 
So we can say that for same cross sectional area the area moment of inertia(I) is high for tube as compare to bar.So buckling load will be higher in tube as compare to bar.
