Answer:
Part a)

Part b)

Explanation:
Part a)
As we know that electric field intensity due to some given charge distribution is given as

now electric flux through a spherical surface of radius r is given as


now by Guass law we know that


now volume charge density is given as


Part b)
Total charge inside the radius R is given as

Answer is a) the force caused by the wend nag encountering wind and air.
How can one explain<span> and predict the </span>interactions between objects<span> and within a system of </span>objects<span>? ... through </span>electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction<span>. ... </span>Forces<span> at a distance are </span>explained<span> by fields (gravitational, </span>electric<span>, and magnetic) ...</span>