The easiest, non-technical way to think about it is like this:
-- A scalar is a quantity that has a size but no direction.
Those include temperature, speed, cost, volume, distance, etc.
One number is all there is to know about it, and there's no way you can
add more of the same stuff to it that would cancel both of them out.
-- A vector is a quantity that has a size and also has a direction.
Those include force, displacement, velocity, acceleration, etc.
It takes more than one number to completely describe one of these.
Also, if you combine two of the same vector quantity in different ways,
you can get different results, and they can even cancel each other out.
Here are some examples. Notice that in each of these examples,
every speed has a direction that goes along with it. This turns the
scalar speed into a vector velocity.
If you're walking inside a bus, and the bus is driving along the road,
then your velocity along the road is the sum of your walking velocity
inside the bus plus the velocity of the bus along the road.
-- If you're walking north up the middle of the bus at 2 miles per hour
and the bus is driving north along the road at 20 miles per hour, then
your velocity along the road is 22 miles per hour north.
-- If you're walking south towards the back of the bus at 2 miles per hour
and the bus is driving north along the road at 5 miles per hour, then your
velocity along the road is 3 miles per hour north.
-- If you're walking south towards the back of the bus at 2 miles per hour
and the bus is just barely rolling north along the road at 2 miles per hour,
then your velocity along the road is zero.
-- If you're in a big railroad flat-car that's rolling north along the track
at 2 miles per hour, and you walk across the flat-car towards the east
at 2 miles per hour, then your velocity along the ground is 2.818 miles
per hour toward the northeast.
If swimmers had a choice of the water slides shown in this figure,
they would all go home dry, since there is no figure. I'll have to try to
answer this question based on only the words in the text, augmented
only by my training, education, life experience, and human logic.
-- Both slides are frictionless. So no energy is lost as a swimsuit
scrapes along the track, and the swimmer's kinetic energy at the
bottom is equal to the potential energy he had at the top.
-- Both slides start from the same height. So the same swimmer
has the same potential energy at the top of either one, and therefore
the same kinetic energy at the bottom of either one.
-- So the difference in the speeds of two different swimmers
on the slides depends only on the difference in the swimmers'
mass, and is not influenced by the shape or length of the slides
(as long as the slides remain frictionless).
If both swimmers have the same mass, then v₁ = v₂ .
This term absolute location refers to using another location as a reference point, rather than using latitude and longitude.
Stars form from an accumulation of gas and dust, which collapses due to gravity and starts to form stars. Stars are typically classified by their spectrum in what is known as the Morgan-Keenan or MK system.
Answer:
25.08m/s
Explanation:
mgh1 + 0.5mv1² = mgh2 + 0.5mv2²
h1 = 0m
v1 = u
h2 = 5m
v2 = 23m/s
putting the values into the formula above;
m(10)(0) + 0.5m(u²) = m(10)(5) + 0.5m(23²)
0 + 0.5mu² = 50m + 264.5m
0.5mu² = 314.5m
dividing through by m
0.5u² = 314.5
u² = 629
u = <u>2</u><u>5</u><u>.</u><u>0</u><u>8</u><u>m</u><u>/</u><u>s</u>
<u>Theref</u><u>ore</u><u>,</u><u> </u><u>the</u><u> </u><u>init</u><u>ial</u><u> </u><u>speed</u><u> </u><u>"</u><u>u</u><u>"</u><u> </u><u>=</u><u> </u><u>2</u><u>5</u><u>m</u><u>/</u><u>s</u>