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2 years ago

What is meant by the term total internal reflection? What two conditions must be met for total internal reflection to occur?

Physics

1 answer:

Alex17521 [72]2 years ago

5 0

Answer:

Hello....

Explanation:

Total internal reflection, in physics, complete reflection of a ray of light within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back into the medium. The phenomenon occurs if the angle of incidence is greater than a certain limiting angle, called the critical angle.

The conditions required for total internal reflection (TIR) to occur are:

1)the light must be travelling from a more dense medium into a less dense medium (ie glass to air)

2)the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle.

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Refer to the drawing that accompanies Check Your Understanding Question 14. Suppose that the voltage of the battery in the circu

Gnoma [55]

Answer:

Maximum speed of the rod, v = 10.34 m/s

Explanation:

It is given that,

Voltage of the battery, V = 2.7 V

The magnetic field perpendicularly into the plane of the paper is, B = 0.9 T

Length of the rod between the rails, l = 0.29 m

Due to the motion of the rails inside the magnetic field, an emf will induced in it which is given by :

$\epsilon=Blv$

v is the speed attained by the rod

$v=\dfrac{\epsilon}{Bl}$

$v=\dfrac{V}{Bl}$

$v=\dfrac{2.7}{0.9\times 0.29}$

v = 10.34 m/s

So, the maximum speed attained by the rod after the switch is closed is 10.34 m/s. Hence, this is the required solution.

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2 years ago

The spectrum of a distant star shows that one in 2 e6 of the atoms of a particular element is in its first excited state 7.5 eV

Alchen [17]

Answer:

The temperature of star is 5473.87 K

Explanation:

Given:

Energy difference $\Delta E = 7.5$ eV

The ratio of number of particle $\frac{N_{f} }{N_{i} } = \frac{1}{2 \times 10^{6} }$

Degeneracy ratio $\frac{g_{f} }{g_{i} } = 4$

From the formula of boltzmann distribution for population levels,

$\frac{N_{f} }{N_{i} } =\frac{g_{f} }{g_{i} } e^{-\frac{\Delta E}{kT} }$

Where $k =$ boltzmann constant = $8.62 \times 10^{-5} \frac{eV}{K}$

$\frac{1}{2 \times 10^{6} } =4 e^{-\frac{7.5 eV}{8.62 \times 10^{-5} T} }$

$8 \times 10^{6} } = e^{\frac{7.5 eV}{8.62 \times 10^{-5} T} }$

$\ln(8 \times 10^{6}) = {\frac{7.5 eV}{8.62 \times 10^{-5} T} }$

$T = {\frac{7.5 eV}{8.62 \times 10^{-5} \ln(8 \times 10^{6})} }$

$T = 5473.87$ K

Therefore, the temperature of star is 5473.87 K

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3 years ago

Fill in the blank. Charges added to a(n) _____ will immediately spread throughout the body.

aalyn [17]

Charges added to a CONDUCTOR will immediately spread throughout the body.

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2 years ago

Tyler wants to learn about the types of insects in the soil near his house. Which would be a benefit of carrying out a descripti

lara31 [8.8K]

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2 years ago

The magnitude of the gravitational field strength near Earth's surface is represented by

Zanzabum

Answer:

The magnitude of the gravitational field strength near Earth's surface is represented by approximately $9.82\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}$ .

Explanation:

Let be M and m the masses of the planet and a person standing on the surface of the planet, so that M >> m. The attraction force between the planet and the person is represented by the Newton's Law of Gravitation:

$F = G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r^{2}}$

Where:

$M$ - Mass of the planet Earth, measured in kilograms.

$m$ - Mass of the person, measured in kilograms.

$r$ - Radius of the Earth, measured in meters.

$G$ - Gravitational constant, measured in $\frac{m^{3}}{kg\cdot s^{2}}$ .

But also, the magnitude of the gravitational field is given by the definition of weight, that is:

$F = m \cdot g$

Where:

$m$ - Mass of the person, measured in kilograms.

$g$ - Gravity constant, measured in meters per square second.

After comparing this expression with the first one, the following equivalence is found:

$g = \frac{G\cdot M}{r^{2}}$

Given that $G = 6.674\times 10^{-11}\,\frac{m^{3}}{kg\cdot s^{2}}$ , $M = 5.972 \times 10^{24}\,kg$ and $r = 6.371 \times 10^{6}\,m$ , the magnitude of the gravitational field near Earth's surface is:

$g = \frac{\left(6.674\times 10^{-11}\,\frac{m^{3}}{kg\cdot s^{2}} \right)\cdot (5.972\times 10^{24}\,kg)}{(6.371\times 10^{6}\,m)^{2}}$

$g \approx 9.82\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}$

The magnitude of the gravitational field strength near Earth's surface is represented by approximately $9.82\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}$ .

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2 years ago