Answer:
a) First-order.
b) 0.013 min⁻¹
c) 53.3 min.
d) 0.0142M
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, on the attached document, we can notice the corresponding plot for each possible order of reaction. Thus, we should remember that in zeroth-order we plot the concentration of the reactant (SO2Cl2 ) versus the time, in first-order the natural logarithm of the concentration of the reactant (SO2Cl2 ) versus the time and in second-order reactions the inverse of the concentration of the reactant (SO2Cl2 ) versus the time.
a) In such a way, we realize the best fit is exhibited by the first-order model which shows a straight line (R=1) which has a slope of -0.0013 and an intercept of -2.3025 (natural logarithm of 0.1 which corresponds to the initial concentration). Therefore, the reaction has a first-order kinetics.
b) Since the slope is -0.0013 (take two random values), the rate constant is 0.013 min⁻¹:

c) Half life for first-order kinetics is computed by:

d) Here, we compute the concentration via the integrated rate law once 1500 minutes have passed:

Best regards.
If you could explain what “merkels” are, the question would be more clear.
Answer:
pH = 2.21
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the reaction between NaF and HCl as the latter is added to the buffer:

It is possible for us to see how more HF is formed as HCl is added and therefore, the capacity of this HF/NaF-buffer is diminished as it turns acid. Therefore, it turns out feasible for us to calculate the consumed moles of NaF and the produced moles of HF due to the change in moles induced by HCl:

Next, we calculate the resulting concentrations to further apply the Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
![[HF]=\frac{0.450mol}{1.0L} =0.450M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BHF%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0.450mol%7D%7B1.0L%7D%20%3D0.450M)
![[NaF]=\frac{0.050mol}{1.0L} =0.050M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BNaF%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0.050mol%7D%7B1.0L%7D%20%3D0.050M)
Now, calculated the pKa of HF:

We can proceed to the HH equation:
![pH=pKa+log(\frac{[NaF]}{[HF]} )\\\\pH=3.17+log(\frac{0.05M}{0.45M} )\\\\pH=2.21](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3DpKa%2Blog%28%5Cfrac%7B%5BNaF%5D%7D%7B%5BHF%5D%7D%20%29%5C%5C%5C%5CpH%3D3.17%2Blog%28%5Cfrac%7B0.05M%7D%7B0.45M%7D%20%29%5C%5C%5C%5CpH%3D2.21)
Best regards!