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4 years ago

Explain how the concentration of a solute in a solution influences its boiling point and freezing point.

Chemistry

1 answer:

borishaifa [10]4 years ago

6 0

Explanation:

Elevation of boiling point :

$\Delta T_b=K_b\times molality$

$\Delta T=K_b\times \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Weight of solvent}}$

From the above expression we can say that :

$\Delta T_b\propto {\text{mass of solute}$

Increasing the mass of the solute in a solution will increase the concentration of the solute in a solution by which the value $\Delta T_b$ will also get increased and vice-versa.

Increased in value of $\Delta T_b$ means that boiling point of solution will also get increased.

So, increase in concentration of solute in solution will increase the boiling point of the solution and vice-versa

Depression in freezing point:

$\Delta T_f=K_f\times molality$

$\Delta T_f=K_f\times \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Weight of solvent}}$

From the above expression we can say that :

$\Delta T_f\propto {\text{mass of solute}$

Increasing the mass of the solute in a solution will increase the concentration of the solute in a solution by which value $\Delta T_f$ will also get increased and vice-versa.

Increased in value of $\Delta T_f$ means that freezing point of solution will also get increased which means that more lowering in freezing point will take place.

So, increase in concentration of solute in solution will increase the lowering in freezing point of the solution and vice-versa

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A reaction has a rate constant of 2.08 × 10−4 s−1 at 26 oC and 0.394 s−1 at 79 oC . Determine the activation barrier for the rea

leva [86]

<u>Answer:</u> The activation energy of the reaction is 124.6 kJ/mol

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate activation energy of the reaction, we use Arrhenius equation, which is:

$\ln(\frac{K_{79^oC}}{K_{26^oC}})=\frac{E_a}{R}[\frac{1}{T_1}-\frac{1}{T_2}]$

where,

$K_{79^oC}$ = equilibrium constant at 79°C = $0.394s^{-1}$

$K_{26^oC}$ = equilibrium constant at 26°C = $2.08\times 10^{-4}s^{-1}$

$E_a$ = Activation energy of the reaction = ?

R = Gas constant = 8.314 J/mol K

$T_1$ = initial temperature = $26^oC=[26+273]K=299K$

$T_2$ = final temperature = $79^oC=[79+273]K=352K$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\ln(\frac{0.394}{2.08\times 10^{-4}})=\frac{E_a}{8.314J/mol.K}[\frac{1}{299}-\frac{1}{352}]\\\\E_a=124595J/mol=124.6kJ/mol$

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3 years ago

Infrared radiation A) Heat from warm objects, used to detect the location of objects Microwaves B) All the radiation humans can

Kazeer [188]

Answer:

Infrared radiation → A) used to detect the location of objects

Microwaves → D) Used in radar and to heat food

Ultraviolet light → C)Given off by very hot objects, such as the sun Heat from warm objects

Visible light → B) All the radiation humans can see, ranging from red to violet

Explanation:

Microwaves have magnetic waves with very long lengths, greater than that of infrared light. These waves are produced through vibrations that produce heat, as the microwave is turned on, which allows the food to be heated. These waves are also used to provide communication on some types of devices.

Infrared radiation is a type of non-ionizing radiation that has a low frequency and therefore cannot be visualized, since it is not within a visible electromagnetic spectrum, having a frequency lower than red. It can be used to detect the licalization of objects and does not pose a health risk.

Ultraviolet radiation is extremely harmful to our body. It is characterized by radiation with very small wavelengths, less than 400nm. This type of radiation can be released by the sun and ultraviolet lamps.

Visible light refers to the simplest form of electromagnetic wave and covers all the radiation that our eyes can see, allowing different colors to be seen in the objects we observe according to the reorganization of atoms and molecules.

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