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Xelga [282]
3 years ago
11

When calculating the equilibrium constant, aqueous solutes must be expressed in moles per liter (M), and gases must be expressed

in pressure as bars. This is because___________.a. there are no other ways to express pressure or concentration other than bars or moles per liter (M). b. they are dimensionless ratios of the actual concentration or pressure divided by standard state concentration, which is 1 M for solutions and 1 bar for gases.c. these are the only units of concentration and pressure that are independent of temperature.d. the dimensionless ratios are always unity (1) because the concentration of the solute or pressure of the gas are divided by standard state concentrations.
Chemistry
1 answer:
alukav5142 [94]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

B. They are dimensionless ratios of the actual concentration or pressure divided by standard state concentration, which is 1 M for solutions and 1 bar for gases.

Explanation:

Activity of a substance is defined as the ratio of an effective concentration or an effective pressure to a standard state pressure or a standard state pressure. It is usually a unit less ratio.

Concentrations in an equilibrium constant are really dimensionless ratios of actual concentrations divided by standard state concentrations. Since standard states are 1 M for solutes, 1 bar for gases, and pure substances for solids and liquids, these are the units to be used.

Hence, activity is a fudge factor to ideal solutions that correct the true concentration. Activity of a gas and solute concentration is a ratio with no unit.

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A solution of 0.0470 M HCl is used to titrate 26.0 mL of an ammonia solution of unknown concentration. The equivalence point is
DanielleElmas [232]

The pH at equivalence point is 12.46

At equivalence point, number of moles of acid, n equals number of moles of base, n'

So, n = n'

CV = C'V' where

  • C = concentration of acid (HCl) = 0.0470 M,
  • V = volume of acid = 16.0 mL,
  • C' = concentration of base (ammonia solution) and
  • V' = volume of base = 26.0 mL.
<h3>Concentration of ammonia solution</h3>

Making C' subject of the formula, we have

C' = CV/V'

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

C' = CV/V'

C' = 0.0470 M × 16.0 mL/26.0 mL

C' = 0.752 MmL/26.0 mL

C' = 0.0289 M

<h3>The concentration of acid at equivalence point</h3>

We know that the ion-product of water Kw is

Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻] =  where

  • [H⁺] = concentration of HCl at equivalence point,
  • [OH⁻] = C' = concentration of ammonia solution = 0.0289 M and
  • Kw = 1.01 × 10⁻¹⁴

Making [H⁺] subject of the formula, we have

[H⁺} = Kw/[OH⁻]

[H⁺] = 1.01 × 10⁻¹⁴/0.0289

[H⁺] = 34.95 × 10⁻¹⁴

[H⁺] = 3.495 × 10⁻¹³

<h3>pH at equivalence point</h3>

Since pH = -㏒[H⁺]

pH = -㏒[3.495 × 10⁻¹³]

pH = -㏒[3.495] + (-㏒10⁻¹³)

pH = -㏒[3.495] + [-13(-㏒10)]

pH = 13 - 0.5434

pH = 12.4566

pH ≅ 12.46

So, the pH at equivalence point is 12.46

Learn more about pH at equivalence point here:

brainly.com/question/25487920

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