The other component of a solution is the part that’s does the dissolving. What is the name of this component

1,4-Pentadiene has a AHhydro = -254 kJ/mol while trans-1,3-pentadiene has a AHhydra = -226 kJ/mol. Explain this difference in he

julsineya [31]

Answer:

trans-1,3-pentadiene is more stable than 1,4-pentadiene due to presence of a conjugated double bond.

Explanation:

Here, $\Delta H_{hydro}=H(hydrogenated pdt.)-H(diene)$

H(hydrogenated pdt.) is same for both 1,4-pentadiene and 1,3-pentadiene as they both produce pentane after hydrogenation

H(diene) depends on stability of diene.

More stable a diene, lesser will be it's H(diene) value (more neagtive).

trans-1,3-pentadiene is more stable than 1,4-pentadiene due to presence of a conjugated double bond.

Hence, $\Delta H_{hydro}$ is higher (less negative) for trans-1,3-pentadiene

5 0

3 years ago

Rank the following elements by effective nuclear charge, Zeff, for a valence electron. F LI Be B N

Stels [109]

Answer:

Rank in increasing order of effective nuclear charge:

Li < Be < B < N < F

Explanation:

This explains the meaning of effective nuclear charge, Zeff, how to determine it, and the calculations for a valence electron of each of the five given elements: F, Li, Be, B, and N.

1) Effective nuclear charge definitions

While the total positive charge of the atom nucleus (Z) is equal to the number of protons, the electrons farther away from the nucleus experience an effective nuclear charge (Zeff) less than the total nuclear charge, due to the fact that electrons in between the nucleus and the outer electrons partially cancel the atraction from the nucleus.

Such effect on on a valence electron is estimated as the atomic number less the number of electrons closer to the nucleus than the electron whose effective nuclear charge is being determined: Zeff = Z - S.

2) Z eff for a F valence electron:

F's atomic number: Z = 9
Total number of electrons: 9 (same numer of protons)
Period: 17 (search in the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 7 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 9 - 7 = 2
Zeff = Z - S = 9 - 2 = 7

3) Z eff for a Li valence eletron:

Li's atomic number: Z = 3
Total number of electrons: 3 (same number of protons)
Period: 1 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 1 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 3 - 1 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 3 - 2 = 1.

4) Z eff for a Be valence eletron:

Be's atomic number: Z = 4
Total number of electrons: 4 (same number of protons)
Period: 2 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 2 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 4 - 2 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 4 - 2 = 2

5) Z eff for a B valence eletron:

B's atomic number: Z = 5
Total number of electrons: 5 (same number of protons)
Period: 13 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 3 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 5 - 3 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 5 - 2 = 3

6) Z eff for a N valence eletron:

N's atomic number: Z = 7
Total number of electrons: 7 (same number of protons)
Period: 15 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 5 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 7 - 5 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 7 - 2 = 5

7) Summary (order):

Atom Zeff for a valence electron

F 7

Li 1

Be 2

B 3

N 5

Conclusion: the order is Li < Be < B < N < F

6 0

2 years ago

The pathway by which carbon is transferred from living organisms to the atmosphere is called:

Phoenix [80]

Answer:

cellular respiration

Explanation:

All exergonic processes produced in the cell, through which substances oxidize and chemical energy is released, are grouped under the name of cellular respiration, but to break down an organic molecule the cells employ, mainly dehydrogenations that can be carried carried out in the presence or absence of atmospheric O2 oxygen. There are therefore two types of breathing: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. The latter also called fermentation.

Aerobic respiration (oxidative phosphorylation)

- Use molecular O2.

- It degrades glucose to CO2 and H2O

- Exergonic

- Recovers about 50% of chemical energy

- Present in most organisms.

- It uses enzymes located in the mitochondria.

3 0

3 years ago

Write word equations for the reactions of a) magnesium with chlorine b) potassium with oxygen c) sodium with bromine d) carbon w

IRINA_888 [86]

A) Magnesium + Chlorine -> Magnesium chloride ( Mg + Cl2 -> MgCl2)

b) Potassium + Oxygen -> Potassium oxide
( 2K + O2 -> K2O )

c) Sodium + Bromine -> Sodium bromide
( 2Na + Br2 -> 2NaBr)

d) Carbon + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide
( C + O2 -> CO2 ) This reaction occurs when heated.

4 0

2 years ago

Assume a density of water of 1.00 g/mL, and calculate the mass of water in the solution

tiny-mole [99]

Answer:

1g or 10^-3kg

Explanation:

as you know , the density =mass \volume

so you have the mass from the number it self

<h2> $\frac{1g}{1 ml}$ so from this equation, you will get 1 g and you can to SI to be $10^{-3}$ kg</h2>

5 0

3 years ago