Group names in the periodic table give clues about the metallic properties of the elements.
Metallic elements are found on the left side of the periodic table. A simple conception of metals describes them as a lattice of positive ions immersed in a sea of electrons.
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Answer:
Br- Withdraws electrons inductively
Donates electrons by resonance
CH2CH3 - Donates electrons by hyperconjugation
NHCH3- Withdraws electrons inductively
Donates electrons by resonance
OCH3 - Withdraws electrons inductively
Donates electrons by resonance
+N(CH3)3 - Withdraws electrons inductively
Explanation:
A chemical moiety may withdraw or donate electrons by resonance or inductive effect.
Halogens are electronegative elements hence they withdraw electrons by inductive effect. However, they also contain lone pairs so the can donate electrons by resonance.
Alkyl groups donate electrons by hyperconjugation involving hydrogen atoms.
-NHCH3 and contain species that have lone pair of electrons which can be donated by resonance. Also, the nitrogen and oxygen atoms are very electron withdrawing making the carbon atom to have a -I inductive effect.
+N(CH3)3 have no lone pair and is strongly electron withdrawing by inductive effects.
