The normal stress follows the formula written below:
σ = F/A
There are two types of stress, axial and tangential. Since we are only given with the dimension of the radius (and not the length), the possible stress is axial. So, the area is,
Iron and gadlinium are both very easily made into magnetic substances. Cobalt is also capable of being magnetized. Aluminum, put in an alloy, can make a magnetic substance, but
