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Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling point?

sergejj [24]

Answer : The correct answer is option A : Diethyl ether

Explanation :

The boiling point of a compound depends on the intermolecular forces (IMF) of attractions present among its molecules.

Stronger the IMF, more difficult it is to separate the molecules. And hence the compound shows higher boiling point.

The most common types of IMF are

a) Hydrogen bonding : Hydrogen bonding occurs when a compound has hydrogen atom directly attached to strongly electro-negative atoms like O, N and F

Hydrogen bondings are the strongest IMF. Therefore compounds that have hydrogen bondings show higher boiling point.

In the given examples, 2-butanol and 4-octanol both have -OH group where H is directly attached to highly electro-negative O atom. As a result hydrogen bonding is present in these compounds.

Therefore they show higher boiling point.

b) Dipole interactions : These are seen in case of polar compounds.

c) London dispersion forces : These are present in all the compounds but they are predominant in case of non polar compounds.

Both diethyl ether and diphenyl ether predominantly show London dispersion forces. Since these forces are weaker as compared to other IMF, the molecules having london dispersion tend to have lower boiling points.

But the magnitude of dispersion forces increases as the molecular weight of the compound increases.

Therefore diphenyl ether which has a molecular weight of 170 g/mol has much stronger london dispersion forces as compared to diethyl ether which has a molecular weight of 74 g/mol

From above discussion, we can conclude that diethyl ether has the weakest intermolecular forces of attraction. Hence it has the lowest boiling point.

6 0

3 years ago

Starting with 195 g Li2O and 106 g H2O, decide which reactant is present in limiting quantities. Given: Li2O+H2O→2LiOH

kkurt [141]

Taking into account the stoicionetry reaction and the definition of limiting reagent, Li₂O is present in limiting quantities.

The balanced reaction is:

Li₂O + H₂O → 2 LiOH

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

Li₂O: 1 mole
H₂O: 1 mole
LiOH: 2 moles

The molar mass of each compound is:

Li₂O: 29.88 g/mole
H₂O: 18 g/mole
LiOH: 23.95 g/mole

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

Li₂O: 1 mole× 29.88 g/mole= 29.88 g
H₂O: 1 mole× 18 g/mole= 18 g
LiOH: 2 moles× 23.95 g/mole= 47.9 g

On the other side, the limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.

To determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 18 grams of H₂O reacts with 29.88 grams of Li₂O, 106 grams of H₂O react with how much mass of Li₂O?

$mass of Li_{2} O=\frac{29.88 grams of Li_{2} Ox106 grams of H_{2} O}{18 grams of H_{2} O}$

mass of Li₂O= 175.96 grams

But 175.96 grams of Li₂O are not available, 195 grams are available. Since you have less moles than you need to react with 106 grams of H₂O, Li₂O will be the limiting reagent.

Finally, Li₂O is present in limiting quantities.

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4 0

3 years ago

2. Why is it difficult for us to go up in a mountain than go down?

m_a_m_a [10]

Answer:

We are moving against gravity

8 0

3 years ago

Which of the following correctly describes a mixture? (4 points) Group of answer choices The particles are chemically bonded tog

Zanzabum

Answer:

The particles have no set ratio for how to combine, and they can be separated by physical means.

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

What are your hobbies? F r e e P o i n t s

Lubov Fominskaja [6]

Answer: Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science.

I making my page look smart :)

7 0

3 years ago

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