D.) "Electrons" <span>may be shared by or transferred to other atoms.
Hope this helps!</span>
The primary difference between a hypothesis and a theory is that a hypothesis is falsifiable but a theory has been proven to be correct. An hypothesis is a proposed explanation put forward on the basis of limited evidence as a commencement point for further investigation, at the end of the investigation the theory may not be accepted if it failed to meet some criteria. A theory is a proven system of ideas used to explain a particular phenomenon.
Answer:
The total heat required is 3.4 kJ
Explanation:
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
There is a direct proportional relationship between heat and temperature. So, the amount of heat a body receives or transmits is determined by:
Q = c * m * ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
In this case you know;
- c= 4
- m= 10 g
- ΔT= Tfinal - Tinitial= 10 C - 0 C= 10 C
Replacing:
Solving:
<em>Q1= 400 J</em>
On the other hand, you must determine the heat required to convert 0 ∘ C of ice to 0 ∘ C of liquid water by:
Q2=m*heat of fusion
Q2=10 g* 300 
<em>Q2= 3,000 J</em>
The total heat required is:
Q= Q1 + Q2= 400 J + 3,000 J
Q= 3,400 J= 3.4 kJ (1 kJ= 1,000 J)
<u><em>The total heat required is 3.4 kJ</em></u>
<u>Answer:</u>
2400 mL
<u>Explanation:</u>
According to this equation, the stoichiometric ratio between 
and 
for the complete reaction is 1:2.
We know that the number of moles of can be calculated using the mole formula. (<em>number of moles = mass / molar mass</em>)
Moles of Calcium = 
= 1.5 mol
So the moles of = 
= 3.0 mol
<em>Volume of HCl solution = Moles of HCl/ concentration of HCl</em>
Volume of HCl solution = 
= 2400 mL
During the electrolysis of the molten lithium chloride, the Lithium ions (Li⁺) at the cathode undergoes reduction, and the electron configuration of lithium becomes 1s²2s¹.
<h3>What is electrolysis?</h3>
Electrolysis can be described as the process in which the electric current is passed through the chemical compound to break them. In this process, the atoms and ions are interchanged by the addition or removal of electrons.
The ions are allowed to move freely in this process. When an ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water then ions are produced which can move freely.
During the electrolysis of molten lithium chloride, the lithium ions reach the cathode and accept the electrons while chloride ions reach at anode and loss electrons to become chlorine gas.
At anode : 2 Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻
At cathode: 2 Li⁺ + 2e⁻ → Li
Learn more about electrolysis, here:
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